Characterisation of a monoclonal antibody to carp IL-1β and the development of a sensitive capture ELISA

Roles of Inflammatory Caspases during Processing of Zebrafish Interleukin-1β in Francisella noatunensis Infection

“…In alignments of IL-1␤ sequences across vertebrates, there is no obvious D residue immediately in this region for nonmammalian sequences and protease prediction tools do not predict caspase-1-mediated cleavage in this region. Despite this, earlier studies provide indirect evidence that nonmammalian IL-1␤ is processed by potential caspase orthologs owing to the bioactivity of artificially truncated recombinant IL-1␤ (13,15) or through reports demonstrating processed forms of IL-1␤ in fish cell cultures (36,46). However, the direct involvement of caspase-mediated processing of IL-1␤ has never been examined in fish.…”

“…In addition, fish encode orthologs of inflammatory caspases (caspase 1 and caspase 5) that possess highly conserved catalytic domains, and functional studies have demonstrated that these caspase orthologs cleave caspase-1-and caspase-5-specific substrates and are inhibited by caspase-1-specific inhibitors (29,35). Although the accumulation of truncated forms of IL-1␤ of various lengths has been demonstrated following immune stimulus in carp (36), trout (15), and gilthead sea bream (20,29), the direct processing of nonmammalian IL-1␤ by a caspase 1 ortholog has not been addressed.…”

The innate immune response of finfish – A review of current knowledge

“…Interleukin-1b has been identified in 13 different species of teleost as playing a role in immune regulation through stimulation of T cells which is analogous to mammalian IL-1b [294]. Teleost IL-1b is clustered separately from amphibians, birds and mammals [295].…”

“…Also, fish IL-1b precursors cloned to date lack a clear caspase1 cut site [225,226]. A pleiotropic activity has, however, also been suggested to exist in some teleost species, e.g., rainbow trout [300e302], carp [294,303] and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) [304,305], based on in vitro and in vivo studies with recombinant IL-1b [300]. Interleukin-1 activity occurs as a consequence of binding to its receptor complex on the cell surface of target cells.…”

Analysis and characterisation of IL-1β processing in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…Further studies demonstrated that the recombinant mature IL-1 deduced from this prediction is biologically active [7,8]. Nevertheless, whether fish IL-1 needs cleavage to generate an active mature molecule is still unclear since native IL-1 has not been isolated in any fish species to date, although recent studies in carp have detected a 15 kDa protein in stimulated leucocyte supernatants by immuno blot analysis [9]. In the present study, processing of the trout IL-1 was analysed in a rainbow trout macrophage cell line RTS-11 [10] with a tagged precursor molecule cloned into pcDNA3, by Western blotting using an IL-1 antiserum and by transfection of the cells.…”