Characterisation and wear properties of industrially produced nanoscaled CrN/NbN multilayer coating

Bemporad, Edoardo; Pecchio, C.; Rossi, Stefano; Carassiti, F.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.069

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Coatings deposited by conventional magnetron sputtering can have intercolumnar porosity and less dense structures whereas coatings produced by cathodic arc and the ABS techniques have the additional limitations of droplet formation and shadowing effects which lead to 11 growth defects and porosity [3][4][5]. The coating microstructure depends on a number of factors such as the deposition temperature, energy of neutrals controlled by the gas pressure, energy of ions controlled by the substrate bias voltage and the metal ions/ neutral ratio [20,21,].…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN PVD coatings offer an excellent choice in replacing hard chrome and monolithic CrN coatings [1][2][3]. Nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN PVD coatings have been successfully deposited by various techniques such as Cathodic Arc Evaporation (CA), Unbalanced Magnetron (UBM) Sputtering and Arc Bond Sputtering (ABS), (combination of CA etching followed by UBM sputtering coating deposition) [3][4][5]. However coating deposition by these techniques has fundamental limitations; growth defects due to macroparticle formation in processes employing CA technique [4,6] and under dense structures with intergranular voids for UBM [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN PVD coatings have been successfully deposited by various techniques such as Cathodic Arc Evaporation (CA), Unbalanced Magnetron (UBM) Sputtering and Arc Bond Sputtering (ABS), (combination of CA etching followed by UBM sputtering coating deposition) [3][4][5]. However coating deposition by these techniques has fundamental limitations; growth defects due to macroparticle formation in processes employing CA technique [4,6] and under dense structures with intergranular voids for UBM [7]. These growth defects are the weak areas in the coating which not only affect its mechanical properties [8,9] but also affect its corrosion resistance by facilitating 'solution path' galvanic corrosion [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deposition of nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN physical vapor deposition coatings by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Purandare¹,

Ehiasarian²,

Hovsepian³

2008

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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Nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN PVD coatings are gaining reputation for their high corrosion and wear resistance. However the CrN/NbN films deposited by ABS TM (Arc Bond Sputtering) technology have some limitations such as macro droplets, porosity and less dense structures.The novel HIPIMS (High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering) technique produces macroparticle free, highly ionised metal plasma which brings advantages in both surface pretreatment and coating deposition stages of the PVD process.In this study, nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN PVD coatings were pre-treated and deposited with HIPIMS technology and compared with those deposited by HIPIMS-UBM and by the 2 ABS TM technique. In all cases Cr + etching was utilised to enhance adhesion by low energy ion implantation. The coatings were deposited at 400° C with substrate biased (U b ) at -75 V.During coating deposition, HIPIMS produced significantly high activation of Nitrogen compared to the UBM as observed with mass spectroscopy.HIPIMS-deposited coatings revealed a bi-layer period of 4.1 nm (total thickness-2.9 µm) and hardness of 3025 HK 0.025 . TEM results revealed droplet free, denser microstructure with

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deposition of nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN physical vapor deposition coatings by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Purandare¹,

Ehiasarian²,

Hovsepian³

2008

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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“…Besides that, Munz et al 9 have reported a superior wear resistance of CrN/NbN multilayer coatings over single layer coatings and electrodeposited chromium. Most of CrN/NbN coatings studied were produced by sputtering process, with or without an interlayer produced by cathodic arc evaporation [10][11][12][13][14] . In a few cases 15 , the coatings were entirely produced by the cathodic arc technique, as in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of deposition processes, cathodic ARC has industrial interest due to its high deposition rate when compared to sputtering. The later would be economically restrictive when one compares the deposition rate of Sputtering/HIPIMS (~1.2 µm/hr) 23,29 with ARC (~3.0 µm/hr) 13 . This work explored and found features never presented before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick CrN/NbN Multilayer Coating Deposited by Cathodic Arc Technique

et al. 2016

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The production of tribological nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN coatings up to 6 μm thick by Sputtering/HIPIMS has been reported in literature. However, high demanding applications, such as internal combustion engine parts, need thicker coatings (>30 µm). The production of such parts by sputtering would be economically restrictive due to low deposition rates. In this work, nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN coatings were produced in a high-deposition rate, industrial-size, Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition (ARC-PVD) chamber, containing three cathodes in alternate positions (Cr/ Nb/Cr). Four 30 μm thick NbN/CrN multilayer coatings with different periodicities (20, 10, 7.5 and 4 nm) were produced. The coatings were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The multilayer coating system was composed of alternate cubic rocksalt CrN and NbN layers, coherently strained due to lattice mismatch. The film grew with columnar morphology through the entire stratified structure. The periodicities adopted were maintained throughout the entire coating. The 20 nm periodicity coating showed separate NbN and CrN peaks in the XRD patterns, while for the lower periodicity (≤10nm) coatings, just one intermediate lattice (d-spacing) was detected. An almost linear increase of hardness with decreasing bilayer period indicates that interfacial effects can dominate the hardening mechanisms.

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Complex wear measurement on thin coatings by the cratering method

Bemporad

Comis

Sebastiani

et al. 2009

Lubrication Science

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Ball cratering and rotating wheel tests are useful techniques for abrasive wear resistance evaluation of thin coatings. Nevertheless, such techniques involve significant experimental errors, coming from equipment deficiencies and changes in wear response depending on test parameters. In case of rotating wheel test, common instrumental errors are: geometry-induced errors (curved or non-horizontal sample surface), alignment errors (misalignment between ball/wheel rotation axis and sample stage) and optical measurement errors. In the present paper, errors due to crater dimension detection system (penetration depth or crater diameter) and equipment deficiencies (rotating axes misalignment and sample slope) were numerically analysed. A general expression for volume calculation was obtained, considering axes misalignment and sample slope, and experimentally validated by wear tests on Ti/TiN CAE-PVD coatings and profilometer abraded volumes measurement. Results showed that axes misalignment and sample slope involve considerable errors in wear coefficient evaluation. However, errors can be corrected by the use of obtained expressions. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Characterisation and wear properties of industrially produced nanoscaled CrN/NbN multilayer coating

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Deposition of nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN physical vapor deposition coatings by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Deposition of nanoscale multilayer CrN/NbN physical vapor deposition coatings by high power impulse magnetron sputtering

Thick CrN/NbN Multilayer Coating Deposited by Cathodic Arc Technique

Complex wear measurement on thin coatings by the cratering method

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