Characterisation and epitope mapping of neutralising monoclonal antibodies to A24 Cruzeiro strain of FMDV

Mahapatra, Mana; Seki, Cristina; Upadhyaya, Sasmita; Barnett, P.V.; Torre, J.L. La; Paton, David

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.003

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is probably due to multiple epitopes contributing to the overall antigenicity of the virus. In addition, this residue is in close vicinity to the VP1 aa 148, which has been reported to be critical in the A 24 strain by mAb escape mutant studies (Mahapatra et al, 2011). It is possible that substitutions in this area, especially from a proline, a known helix breaker, may be responsible for the change in overall conformation of the protein leading to antigenic variation in these viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antigenic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A

Ludi

Horton

et al. 2014

Journal of General Virology

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The current measures to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) include vaccination, movement control and slaughter of infected or susceptible animals. One of the difficulties in controlling FMD by vaccination arises due to the substantial diversity found among the seven serotypes of FMD virus (FMDV) and the strains within these serotypes. Therefore, vaccination using a single vaccine strain may not fully cross-protect against all strains within that serotype, and therefore selection of appropriate vaccines requires serological comparison of the field virus and potential vaccine viruses using relationship coefficients (r 1 values). Limitations of this approach are that antigenic relationships among field viruses are not addressed, as comparisons are only with potential vaccine virus. Furthermore, inherent variation among vaccine sera may impair reproducibility of one-way relationship scores. Here, we used antigenic cartography to quantify and visualize the antigenic relationships among FMD serotype A viruses, aiming to improve the understanding of FMDV antigenic evolution and the scope and reliability of vaccine matching. Our results suggest that predicting antigenic difference using genetic sequence alone or by geographical location is not currently reliable. We found co-circulating lineages in one region that were genetically similar but antigenically distinct. Nevertheless, by comparing antigenic distances measured from the antigenic maps with the full capsid (P1) sequence, we identified a specific amino acid substitution associated with an antigenic mismatch among field viruses and a commonly used prototype vaccine strain, A 22 /IRQ/24/64.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antigenic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A

Ludi

Horton

et al. 2014

Journal of General Virology

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“…A total of 53 and 22 neutralising epitopes were identified for Poliovirus serotype 1 [37]–[43] and Rhinovirus serotype 14 [44], [45] respectively. For each serotype of FMDV the following numbers of epitopes were identified; 25 for serotype A [30], [46]–[50], 20 for serotype O [51]–[56], 16 for serotype SAT-1 [57] and 10 for C [29], [58]–[60]. Asia-1 [61] and SAT-2 epitopes [62] were also identified, although they were not included in the analysis as there was no available capsid structure for either serotype.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Use of In-Silico Structure-Based Epitope Prediction with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

et al. 2013

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Understanding virus antigenicity is of fundamental importance for the development of better, more cross-reactive vaccines. However, as far as we are aware, no systematic work has yet been conducted using the 3D structure of a virus to identify novel epitopes. Therefore we have extended several existing structural prediction algorithms to build a method for identifying epitopes on the appropriate outer surface of intact virus capsids (which are structurally different from globular proteins in both shape and arrangement of multiple repeated elements) and applied it here as a proof of principle concept to the capsid of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). We have analysed how reliably several freely available structure-based B cell epitope prediction programs can identify already known viral epitopes of FMDV in the context of the viral capsid. To do this we constructed a simple objective metric to measure the sensitivity and discrimination of such algorithms. After optimising the parameters for five methods using an independent training set we used this measure to evaluate the methods. Individually any one algorithm performed rather poorly (three performing better than the other two) suggesting that there may be value in developing virus-specific software. Taking a very conservative approach requiring a consensus between all three top methods predicts a number of previously described antigenic residues as potential epitopes on more than one serotype of FMDV, consistent with experimental results. The consensus results identified novel residues as potential epitopes on more than one serotype. These include residues 190–192 of VP2 (not previously determined to be antigenic), residues 69–71 and 193–197 of VP3 spanning the pentamer-pentamer interface, and another region incorporating residues 83, 84 and 169–174 of VP1 (all only previously experimentally defined on serotype A). The computer programs needed to create a semi-automated procedure for carrying out this epitope prediction method are presented.

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“…Aminoacid residues at position 58 and 60 of VP3 have been reported to be critical for antigenic site 4. In case of serotype A, four antigenic sites in VP1, VP2 and VP3 [8,12,37,66]; which were analogous to sites 1, 2, 4 and 5 of serotype O have been described. Four independent antigenic sites (I, II, IV in VP1, VP2, and VP3, respectively and site V located at C-terminus of VP3) have been mapped [32] in FMDV serotype Asia1.…”

Section: Fmdv Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

Foot-and-mouth Disease: Global Status and Future Road Map for Control and Prevention in India

et al. 2012

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a transboundary, economically devastating and highly contagious viral disease of livestock, most importantly cattle, buffalo and pig. The disease also affects goats, sheep, wild ruminant species and elephants. The causative FMD virus is antigenically diverse having seven distinct serotypes and many variants within them. Being a single stranded RNA virus, it confirms the quasispecies nature with emergences and reemergences of different genetic lineages with altered antigenicity within the serotypes, making vaccination based control programme a high cost effective, time consuming and difficult to achieve. As per the OIE and FAO, the disease is a major threat to food security of the world, and particularly the countries having the disease are more prone to food insecurity. Further, FMD free status is an indicator of development, and all developed countries are free from it. The disease is endemic in India and three serotypes of the virus viz; O, A and Asia1 are circulating. Annual direct loss due to FMD in India has been estimated at Rs. 20,000 crores. Many countries in the world are now free from FMD with or without vaccination and presence of the disease in other neighboring countries is a major threat to them. Countries having FMD face trade barrier posed by FMD free countries, causing heavy economic loss to the livestock industry. Progressive control pathway has been developed by FAO for global eradication of FMD. Vaccination based FMD control programme is in operation in India which involves biannual vaccinations of all cattle and buffaloes in selected areas, regular active surveillance and antibody monitoring in vaccinated population with the objective of creating FMD free zones. At present, the disease occurrence, severity of the clinical disease and number of outbreaks have progressively and substantially declined in the control zones as a result of last 10 rounds of vaccination with an oil adjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine. In this review, FMD scenario in India and in the world is briefed. Besides, the measures taken for the control and eradication of this devastating disease is presented. Besides, the initial success achieved through the FMD control programme in India, a road map for the control and eradication of FMD at national level is discussed.

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Characterisation and epitope mapping of neutralising monoclonal antibodies to A24 Cruzeiro strain of FMDV

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Antigenic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A

Antigenic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A

Evaluation and Use of In-Silico Structure-Based Epitope Prediction with Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Foot-and-mouth Disease: Global Status and Future Road Map for Control and Prevention in India

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