Characean Algae: Still a Valid Model System to Examine Fundamental Principles in Plants

Braun, Markus; Foissner, Ilse; Löhring, Hinrich; Schubert, Hendrik; Thiel, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-36832-8_9

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Br., was investigated by shotgun proteomics. The here presented techniques and the obtained public-available, functionally-annotated sequence database may allow further molecular biology research on a valuable model organism that was hitherto investigated mainly with “classical” physiological methods [ 51 ]. The proteome study, supported by immunodetection, identified several membrane proteins associated with acidic regions that contain a high density of specific plasma membrane invaginations, the charasomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the subcellular membrane proteome reveals enrichment of H+ (co-)transporters and vesicle trafficking proteins in acidic zones of Chara internodal cells

et al. 2018

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The Characeae are multicellular green algae with very close relationship to land plants. Their internodal cells have been the subject of numerous (electro-)physiological studies. When exposed to light, internodal cells display alternating bands of low and high pH along their surface in order to facilitate carbon uptake required for photosynthesis. Here we investigated for the first time the subcellular membrane protein composition of acidic and alkaline regions in internodal cells of Chara australis R. Br. using MS-proteomics. The identified peptides were annotated to Chara unigenes using a custom-made Chara database generated from a transcriptome analysis and to orthologous Arabidopsis genes using TAIR (The Arabidopsis Information Resource) database. Apart from providing the first public-available, functionally-annotated sequence database for Chara australis, the proteome study, which is supported by immunodetection, identified several membrane proteins associated with acidic regions that contain a high density of specific plasma membrane (PM) invaginations, the charasomes, which locally increase the membrane area to overcome diffusion limitation in membrane transport. An increased abundance of PM H+ ATPases at charasomes is consistent with their role in the acidification of the environment, but the characean PM H+ ATPase sequence suggests a different regulation compared to higher plant PM H+ ATPases. A higher abundance of H+ co-transporters in the charasome-rich, acidic regions possibly reflects enhanced uptake of ions and nutrients. The increase in mitochondrial proteins confirms earlier findings about the accumulation of cortical mitochondria in the acidic zones. The significant enrichment of clathrin heavy chains and clathrin adaptor proteins as well as other proteins involved in trafficking indicate a higher activity of membrane transport in the charasome-rich than in charasome-poor areas. New and unexpected data, for instance the upregulation and abundance of vacuolar transporters correlating with the charasome-rich, acidic cell regions account for new perspectives in the formation of charasomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the subcellular membrane proteome reveals enrichment of H+ (co-)transporters and vesicle trafficking proteins in acidic zones of Chara internodal cells

et al. 2018

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“…They display differentiation into rooting structures (rhizoids) and photosynthetic structures (axes, branchlets, bract-cells), and they have multicellular reproductive organs (oosporangia and antheridia) ( Figure 1). They are among the closest relatives of the first land plants (Karol et al 2001), and have been used as model organisms for studying the physiological aspects of terrestrial acclimation, salinity tolerance and membrane processes (Braun et al 2007;Beilby and Casanova 2014). Charophytes are also important bioindicators of water quality and water regime (for review see Doege et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of charophytes – permanent pioneers and ecosystem engineers

Schubert¹,

Blindow²,

Bueno³

et al. 2018

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For almost a century, charophytes have been regarded as a group that is confined to low-nutrient-clear water conditions. In light of recent research, this generalisation of the ecological niche dimensions of charophytes has changed and now includes more facets of ecological existence. In this review, the current knowledge with respect to species-specificity as well as temporal aspectsontogenetic and successional ones of the ecological requirements of charophytes are presented and discussed. This review identifies new directions for ecological research on charophytes as well as knowledge gaps to be filled, not just for reasons of academic curiosity, but also for applied purposes such as lake restoration, bioremediation and bioindication of water quality and water regime.

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“…Their giant internodal cells became favored objects for studies of ion exchange (see Braun et al. ) and in addition, they attract attention for applied aspects such as bioindication and bioremediation (e.g., Krause , Marquardt and Schubert ).…”

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“…Consequently, they are intensively studied to unravel the nature of adaptation to terrestrial lifestyle ( Fig. 1; e.g., Braun et al 2007). Their complex morphology stimulated an overwhelming set of ontogenetic studies, which described the individual development of literally each cell of their thallus (e.g., Braun 1853, Giesenhagen 1896, Goetz 1899, Kuczewski 1906, including detailed description of malformations and aberrations (e.g., Ernst 1901).…”

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“…Their complex morphology stimulated an overwhelming set of ontogenetic studies, which described the individual development of literally each cell of their thallus (e.g., Braun 1853, Giesenhagen 1896, Goetz 1899, Kuczewski 1906, including detailed description of malformations and aberrations (e.g., Ernst 1901). Their giant internodal cells became favored objects for studies of ion exchange (see Braun et al 2007) and in addition, they attract attention for applied aspects such as bioindication and bioremediation (e.g., Krause 1981, Marquardt andSchubert 2009).…”

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