Chapter Three: Breadfruit and its Traditional Cultivation and Use on Pohnpei

Ragone, Diane; Raynor, Bill

doi:10.1515/9780824837495-005

“…The landscape coverage, complexity and diversity of plants grown together with breadfruit can be impressive. Breadfruit agroforests on the island of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, epitomize these systems by incorporating more than 120 useful species, as well as 50 cultivars of breadfruit [47][48].…”

Section: Start Box 1: Breadfruit Agroforestry a Time-tested Regeneramentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture

Elevitch¹,

Mazaroli²,

Ragone³

2018

Preprint

Self Cite

4

0

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Agroforestry is increasingly being recognized as a holistic food production system that can have numerous significant environmental, economic, and social benefits. This growing recognition is paralleled in the U.S. by the budding interest in regenerative agriculture and motivation to certify regenerative practices. Current efforts to develop a regenerative agriculture certification offer an opportunity to consider agroforestry’s role in furthering regenerative goals. To understand this opportunity, we first examine how agroforestry practices can advance regenerative agriculture’s five core environmental concerns: soil fertility and health, water quality, biodiversity, ecosystem health, and carbon sequestration. Next, we review a subset of certification programs, standards, guidelines, and associated scientific literature to understand existing efforts to standardize agroforestry. We determine that development of an agroforestry standard alongside current efforts to certify regenerative agriculture offers an opportunity to leverage common goals and strengths of each. Additionally, we determine that there is a lack of standards with measurable criteria available for agroforestry, particularly in temperate locations. Lastly, we propose a framework and general, measurable criteria for an agroforestry standard that could potentially be implemented as a standalone standard or built into existing agriculture, forestry, or resource conservation certification programs.

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“…Breadfruit plays an integral role in Pohnpeian subsistence systems (Hunter‐Anderson ; Lawrence ; Petersen ; Ragone ; Ragone and Raynor ). Originally domesticated in Island South‐East Asia, breadfruit is a member of the mulberry family, Moraceae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is useful for storing and preserving excess harvest during rahk . Old fermented breadfruit can also help people accumulate prestige (Hunter‐Anderson ; Lawrence ; Ragone ; Ragone and Raynor ). However, the most common day‐to‐day practice is roasting of fruits in a rock oven called an umhw in Pohnpei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stones are placed on the ground and heated with firewood. Fruits and other foods are then placed on top of the stones and covered with leaves to cook (Ragone ; Ragone and Raynor ). This often occurs in cookhouses, which can be quite large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaves are often used to cover cooking breadfruit during the cooking process. Taro, banana and breadfruit leaves are commonly used (Ragone and Raynor ). Taro, however, does not produce phytoliths and thus would be invisible in this analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Roasting breadfruit in the Pacific: A combined plant macroremain and phytolith analysis from Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia

Levin

¹

2015

Archaeology in Oceania

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In eastern Micronesia, breadfruit is an important staple crop and has probably been part of the diet since initial settlement. This paper uses combined macroremains and phytolith analysis to identify breadfruit production from a historical feature on Temwen Island, Pohnpei, Micronesia. Charred breadfruit exocarp material was recovered, indicating breadfruit roasting. Phytolith analysis from this feature does not provide direct evidence of breadfruit, but does reveal other taxa that are not present in flotation samples, demonstrating the utility of analysing multiple lines of botanical data. Thus, this project presents new botanical evidence for breadfruit and a method for approaching a more comprehensive study of cooking practices.

show abstract

Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture

Elevitch¹,

Mazaroli²,

Ragone³

2018

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Agroforestry is increasingly being recognized as a holistic food production system that can have numerous significant environmental, economic, and social benefits. This growing recognition is paralleled in the U.S. by the budding interest in regenerative agriculture and motivation to certify regenerative practices. Current efforts to develop a regenerative agriculture certification offer an opportunity to consider agroforestry’s role in furthering regenerative goals. To understand this opportunity, we first examine how agroforestry practices can advance regenerative agriculture’s five core environmental concerns: soil fertility and health, water quality, biodiversity, ecosystem health, and carbon sequestration. Next, we review a subset of certification programs, standards, guidelines, and associated scientific literature to understand existing efforts to standardize agroforestry. We determine that development of an agroforestry standard alongside current efforts to certify regenerative agriculture offers an opportunity to leverage common goals and strengths of each. Additionally, we determine that there is a lack of standards with measurable criteria available for agroforestry, particularly in temperate locations. Lastly, we propose a framework and general, measurable criteria for an agroforestry standard that could potentially be implemented as a standalone standard or built into existing agriculture, forestry, or resource conservation certification programs.

show abstract

Chapter Three: Breadfruit and its Traditional Cultivation and Use on Pohnpei

Cited by 5 publications

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Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture

Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture

Roasting breadfruit in the Pacific: A combined plant macroremain and phytolith analysis from Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia

Agroforestry Standards for Regenerative Agriculture

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