Chapter 7. Sentence-final particles in Mandarin Chinese

Paul, Waltraud; Yan, Shanshan

doi:10.1075/la.276.07pau

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As discussed in the literature, internal topicalization of the object to the TP domain can only be done in a single clause (c.f. Fu 1994, Paul 2002). In (32b), if the object in the embedded clause is internally topicalized to the matrix clause, the sentence is judged ungrammatical.…”

Section: The Causative Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Causative Projections in Mandarin Chinese

Kuo

2023

Lang. Res.

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In this study, I examine causative projections in the resultative construction in Mandarin Chinese. In comparing Tsai's (2015b) analysis of Chinese resultatives to that of Bi and Pan (2018), I argue that several pieces of evidence favor Bi and Pan's proposal, which situates the causative projection around the vP periphery. I suggest, however, that their structure could be further refined and propose a fine-grained structure that not only explains the behavior of the relevant resultative and causative constructions in Chinese but also accords with causative distributions cross-linguistically.

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Section: The Causative Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Causative Projections in Mandarin Chinese

Kuo

2023

Lang. Res.

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“…Mandarin Chinese has a rich set of SFPs, among which le denotes a newly obtained state or "change of state" (Chao, 1968;Li and Thompson, 1981;Paul, 2015;Paul and Yan, 2022) and entails that the current state does not hold before speech time (Soh, 2009). 1 When the change is associated with a naturally occurring or commonly perceived ordered scale (e.g., numbers in ascending order, or stages of human development), the SFP le imposes, among other conditions, a semantic constraint on the direction of change encoded, as outlined in (1):…”

Section: The Sfp Lementioning

confidence: 99%

Positive cross-linguistic influence in the representation and processing of sentence-final particle le by L2 and heritage learners of Chinese

2023

Self Cite

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This study investigates the representation and processing of written Chinese sentences subject to a semantic condition (i.e., “direction of change”) attached to the sentence-final particle (SFP) le in Mandarin Chinese. Three groups of bilingual speakers of Chinese and English who differ in their onset age of bilingualism and proficiency of English were studied. It was anticipated that there would be a positive cross-linguistic influence (CLI) from English due to similarities between the SFP le and the English adverb already in terms of direct semantic transfer. An acceptability judgment (AJ) task and a self-paced reading (SPR) task were conducted to elicit judgment and processing difficulty with and without semantic violations. The participants included English-dominant second language (L2) learners (n = 18) and heritage learners (n = 19) who had advanced proficiency in Chinese, as well as monolingually raised Mandarin speakers from China as a baseline control group (n = 18). The results indicated that sensitivity to violations of the semantic condition varied depending on factors such as the specific structure (noun vs. verb phrase), the task type (offline vs. online), and the type of bilingual speaker (early vs. late). Among the three groups of bilinguals, the heritage learners demonstrated a representation of the semantic condition that resembled the target language across different sentence structures, whereas the L2 learners did not. Furthermore, the heritage learners exhibited earlier sensitivity to violations during online processing compared to the baseline control group. These exceptional results can be attributed to the heritage learners’ early exposure to and positive CLI between the SFP le in Mandarin and the English adverb already.

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“…Shyu (1995Shyu ( , 2001 argues that an extended functional projection (FP) projects within the IP field to accommodate the focused -NP phrase. Paul (2002Paul ( , 2005 argues for the sentence-medial TopP and FocP that are able to host the topic NP as well as the focus NP in the middle field. Badan (2007) puts forward a fine-grained distinction between a high periphery (CP) and a low periphery (IP) of Italian and Chinse.…”

Section: Aboutness Np Topic In Mandarin: Movement or Base Generation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it has been proposed in a series of studies that the structural architecture of the CP domain parallels that of the domain below TP but above vP (Paul 2002(Paul , 2005Badan & Del Gobbo 2011;Hsu 2008Hsu , 2012Hsu , 2014Cheung 2015, among others), though the structure of the vP periphery is highly reduced (Tsai 2015a(Tsai , 2015b. We take at face value that topic and focus project TopP and FocP respectively in the CP periphery and the vP periphery, with TopP dominating FocP.…”

Section: Feature-checking Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Syntax of Vp Dislocation in Mandarin*

Jheng

2022

Studia Linguistica

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By drawing on data of two types of VP dislocation in Mandarin, this paper argues that these two types represent a syntactic incarnation of XP-split constructions providing an interesting argument for the conception of information structure starting in the numeration and multiple Spell-Out of copies regulated by the checking of strong features over the course of a syntactic derivation. Building on Fanselow and Cavar's ( 2002) distributed deletion analysis, I show that Type 1 involves two autonomous nominals that form a nominal predicate structure in a VP, and the VP is copied and internally merged to a topic position, followed by multiple Spell-Out of the copies whose information structural features are checked. In contrast, Type 2 is derived via base-generation. I argue that the two types are derived employing the same set of operations in the computational system without extra postulations. Issues involved in dealing with Mandarin topic constructions are addressed.*This article is a revised version of Chapter 2 and 3 of my PhD dissertation. I wish to express my gratefulness to Hsiao-hung Iris Wu, Wei-tien Dylan Tsai, Wei-wen Roger Liao and Chyan-an Arthur Wang for their constructive comments on the earlier versions of the article and two anonymous reviewers of Studia Linguistica for their valuable suggestions which make this article close to being in the vicinity of satisfaction and adequacy. I owe deeply to Chris Hsu, Mindy Kuo, Larry Liu and Grace Liu for discussing the data with me. The remaining inadequacies, conceptual or empirical, are solely my own responsibility.

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Chapter 7. Sentence-final particles in Mandarin Chinese

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

On Causative Projections in Mandarin Chinese

On Causative Projections in Mandarin Chinese

Positive cross-linguistic influence in the representation and processing of sentence-final particle le by L2 and heritage learners of Chinese

On the Syntax of Vp Dislocation in Mandarin*

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