Chapter 7 Life cycle based sustainability metrics

Keoleian, Gregory A.; Spitzley, David V.

doi:10.1016/s1871-2711(06)80014-0

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As some authors admitted -see Baker and Lepech (2009), Keoleian and Spitzley (2006) -in practice, the LCA has become a common tool for the evaluation of the environmental performance since it provides metrics that can be used in the sustainability assessment of transport projects.…”

Section: Assessing Sustainability Of Transport Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Projects: A Review of Existing Tools and Methods

2015

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Attempts to integrate sustainability in the decision-making process for transport infrastructure projects continue to gain momentum. A number of tools and methodological frameworks are available -such as rating systems, traditional decision-making techniques, checklists, and different evaluation frameworks and models. While these tools are highly valuable, some practical issues remain unsolved. There is also a need for more standardized tools to appraise the sustainability of transport projects. This paper is a presentation of a review on the current assessment tools of sustainability applied to transport infrastructure projects. The preliminary part of the paper is an explanatory and comparative analysis of the tools and methods in terms of their effectiveness to appraise sustainability. The analysis is a critical evaluation of the current state of the art to identify the limitations of existing approaches, point out new areas of research, and propose a sustainability appraisal agenda for the future.

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Section: Assessing Sustainability Of Transport Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Projects: A Review of Existing Tools and Methods

2015

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“…A complete understanding of the energy and environmental performance of microgrid systems requires a life cycle perspective. Life cycle assessment is an analytical technique for assessing the potential environmental burdens and impacts associated with a product system from the acquisition of the raw materials to the ultimate management of material remaining at the end of life (Keoleian and Spitzley, 2006;ISO, 1997). Life cycle assessment is applied here in the evaluation of the energy and emissions performance of the NextEnergy microgrid and a reference conventional system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle energy and environmental analysis of a microgrid power pavilion

Spitzley

Keoleian

Baron

2006

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYMicrogrids}generating systems incorporating multiple distributed generator sets linked together to provide local electricity and heat}are one possible alterative to the existing centralized energy system. Potential advantages of microgrids include flexibility in fuel supply options, the ability to limit emissions of greenhouse gases, and energy efficiency improvements through combined heat and power (CHP) applications. As a case study in microgrid performance, this analysis uses a life cycle assessment approach to evaluate the energy and emissions performance of the NextEnergy microgrid Power Pavilion in Detroit, Michigan and a reference conventional system. The microgrid includes generator sets fueled by solar energy, hydrogen, and natural gas. Hydrogen fuel is sourced from both a natural gas steam reforming operation and as a by-product of a chlorine production operation. The chlorine plant receives electricity exclusively from a hydropower generating station. Results indicate that the use of this microgrid offers a total energy reduction potential of up to 38%, while reductions in non-renewable energy use could reach 51%. Similarly, emissions of CO 2 , a key global warming gas, can be reduced by as much as 60% relative to conventional heat and power systems. Hydrogen fuels are shown to provide a net energy and emissions benefit relative to natural gas only when sourced primarily from the chlorine plant.

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“…This produces a measure of their acidification potential, expressed as an SO 2 -equivalent (SO 2 -eq.) [40]. This study applies SO 2 -eq.…”

Section: Impact Categories and Included Primary Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) concept was applied as a more specific method for assessing impacts on human life. DALY is a sum of years lost due to illness, disability or early death [40]. It is expressed as the number of years lost per kilogram emission.…”

Section: Impact Categories and Included Primary Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Fuel Choices for Short Sea Shipping

Spoof-Tuomi

Niemi

2020

Clean Technol.

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The shipping industry is looking for strategies to comply with increasingly stringent emission regulations. Fuel has a significant impact on emissions, so a switch to alternative fuels needs to be evaluated. This study investigated the emission performances of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied biogas (LBG) in shipping and compared them to conventional marine diesel oil (MDO) combined with selective catalytic reduction (SCR). For assessing the complete global warming potential of these fuels, the life-cycle approach was used. In addition, the study evaluated the local environmental impacts of combustion of these fuels, which is of particular importance for short sea shipping operations near coastal marine environment and residential areas. All three options examined are in compliance with the most stringent emission control area (ECA) regulations currently in force or entering into force from 2021. In terms of local environmental impacts, the two gaseous fuels had clear advantages over the MDO + SCR combination. However, the use of LNG as marine fuel achieved no significant CO2-equivalent reduction, thus making little progress towards the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO’s) visions of decarbonizing shipping. Major life cycle GHG emission benefits were identified by replacing fossil fuels with LBG. The most significant challenge facing LBG today is fuel availability in volumes needed for shipping. Without taxation or subsidies, LBG may also find it difficult to compete with the prices of fossil fuels.

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Chapter 7 Life cycle based sustainability metrics

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Sustainability Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Projects: A Review of Existing Tools and Methods

Sustainability Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Projects: A Review of Existing Tools and Methods

Life cycle energy and environmental analysis of a microgrid power pavilion

Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Fuel Choices for Short Sea Shipping

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