Chapter 7 Clays: From two to three dimensions

Schoonheydt, Robert A.; Jacobs, Katrien Y.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2991(01)80249-4

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The -Al 13 molecule is among the most common pillaring agent for clays [see refs [169][170][171][172][173] and anionic layered solids, including titanates, manganates, 174,175 and molybdates. 176 Briefly, the -Al 13 The pillared solid is often calcined to dehydrate the polyoxocation [e.g., ref 180], and the pillars also allow addition of interlayer dopants with particularly useful properties, such as catalytic transition-metal complexes [e.g., refs 181-184] or hydrophobic organics to pick up pollutants [e.g., ref 11].…”

Section: Pillaring Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Aqueous Aluminum Hydroxide Molecules

2005

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Section: Pillaring Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Aqueous Aluminum Hydroxide Molecules

2005

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“…The goal of the pillaring process is to introduce micro- and mesoporosity into clay minerals. This is achieved using a combination of a smectite, for example, and a pillaring agent via an ion-exchange reaction, in which a two-dimensional channel network is formed [ 1 ]. Heating the clays imparts stability to the pillared clay by promoting permanent bonding between the pillar and the layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are numerous oligomeric cations that could be used as pillars, as well as Al, Zr, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ce and others [ 1 , 3 , 4 ]. These cations could be used individually [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ] or mixed [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of Pillaring Agent in Sequential Bentonite Pillaring Processes

Bertella

Pergher

2017

Materials

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This work describes the synthesis and characterization of pillared clays using a new pillaring method: the reuse of the pillaring solution. First, an Al pillared clay (PILC) was synthesized, and after filtration, the pillaring agent was stored and reused for an additional three pillaring procedures (P1, P2, and P3). The filtered pillaring solution was stored for one year and then reused for one additional pillaring procedure (P4). The samples were analyzed using XRD, N2 physisorption measurements and chemical analysis (EDX). All of the samples exhibited basal spacings larger than 17 Å and BET surface areas greater than 160 m2/g. After the P4 pillaring, the pillaring agent was precipitated with a Na2SO4 solution, and the resulting solid was analyzed using XRD and SEM. The results indicated that even after a total of five pillaring procedures, Al13 ions were still present in solution. Therefore, it is possible to reuse the pillaring solution four times and to even store the solution for one year, which is important from an industrial perspective.

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Pillared Clays

Poncelet¹,

Fripiat²

2008

Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis

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The sections in this article are Introduction Historical Overview Which Clays or Smectites can be Pillared? Al ‐Pillared Vermiculites and Phlogopite Micas Reviews Pillaring Mechanisms Basic Pillaring Mechanism: Exchange Precipitation New Pillaring Mechanism: Template Pillars Homo‐Atomic Pillars A Hydroxyaluminum Polymer B Gallium and Mixed Gallium Aluminum Hydroxypolymers C Zirconia Hydroxypolymers D Titania Pillars E Silica and Silicate Pillars F Transition Metal Oxide Pillars Heteroatomic Pillars Mixed Al  Fe Pillars Miscellaneous Pillared Clays Preliminary Remarks Main Physical Characteristics Chemical Properties Chemical Modifications or Functionalization of the Pillaring Species Catalytic Properties A Brief Summary of Previous Studies An Overview of Catalytic Reactions Investigated during the Past Decade Conclusions Acknowledgments

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Chapter 7 Clays: From two to three dimensions

Cited by 5 publications

References 95 publications

Large Aqueous Aluminum Hydroxide Molecules

Large Aqueous Aluminum Hydroxide Molecules

Reuse of Pillaring Agent in Sequential Bentonite Pillaring Processes

Pillared Clays

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