Chapter 5. The Impact Of Organized Crime On Peace Support Operations

Arnold, Roberta

doi:10.1163/ej.9789004165106.i-442.33

Cited by 4 publications

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“…During the Haitian revolution, former slaves revolted against French colonial rule and gained independence from France in 1804 (Lundahl, 2011), with colonial presence coming to an end in 1826 (Rivera, 2018). Accordingly, Haiti became the first country to become independent from colonial rule in Latin America and the Caribbean.…”

Section: Haitian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following independence, Haiti experienced civil and political unrest due to natural disasters, coups, political leader assassinations, gang/organized crime uprisings, and rapid political turnovers (Baranyi, 2011). Civil and political unrest in Haiti is perpetrated through organized crime, rather than interstate conflict (Rivera, 2018).…”

Section: Haitian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial purpose of MINUSTAH was to complement the actions of the state by protecting civilians from the threat of armed gangs. However, considering the 2010 earthquake, continued distrust of foreign intervention, and the absence of state governance, MINUSTAH could not fill the vacuum of power that arose following the neutralization of organized crime (Rivera, 2018). Efforts to legitimize the Haitian government became perquisites for long-term stable governance.…”

Section: Peacekeeping Operations: Minustahmentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Even peacekeepers expect something in return’: A qualitative analysis of sexual interactions between UN peacekeepers and female Haitians

Vahedi

Bartels

Lee

2019

Global Public Health

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Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document.When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policyWhile the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.

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Section: Haitian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Haitian Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Peacekeeping Operations: Minustahmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

‘Even peacekeepers expect something in return’: A qualitative analysis of sexual interactions between UN peacekeepers and female Haitians

Vahedi

Bartels

Lee

2019

Global Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…MINUSTAH was initially mandated to protect civilians from the threat of armed gangs and intrastate conflict (dos Santos Parra 2019). However, in light of earthquake-related losses in 2010 and the absence of legitimate governance structures, the mission's scope and number of personnel expanded to also include humanitarian relief, support of democratic elections, and the protection of human rights (Rivera 2018;Heine and Thompson 2011). Following the January 2010 earthquake that resulted in approximately 300,000 deaths and the internal displacement of over one million Haitians (Government of the Republic of Haiti 2010), the Soc.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis

et al. 2021

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During the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), reports of sexual abuse and exploitation and children fathered by peacekeepers were brought forward to the UN. In 2017, a cross-sectional mixed-methods survey was administered by Haitian research assistants using SenseMaker® (Cognitive Edge, Singapore), a rapid data collection tool that allows participants to share a narrative on a topic of interest. In total, 2541 self-interpreted narratives in relation to the experiences of Haitian women and girls vis-à-vis peacekeepers were collected from a convenience sample of Haitian males and females across Haiti. This exploratory secondary data analysis analyzes whether narratives about sexual misconduct perpetrated by MINUSTAH peacekeepers were associated with rural, semi-urban, or urban locations and investigates the relationship between sharing narratives about sexual misconduct and the desire to engage with the UN/MINUSTAH. After adjustment, narratives addressing sexual misconduct were more likely to be shared in rural locations, compared to urban locations (RRrural: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38). Personal experiences of sexual misconduct were more likely (RRsex: 4.52; 95% CI: 3.34, 6.12) to be associated with rejection of the UN/MINUSTAH, compared to personal narratives of positive/neutral experiences. This research is an empirical steppingstone to understanding the distribution and consequences of peacekeeper-perpetrated sexual abuse and exploitation in Haiti.

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“…MINUSTAH was initially mandated to protect civilians from the threat of armed gangs and intrastate con ict (dos Santos Parra 2019). However, in light of earthquake-related losses in 2010 and the absence of legitimate governance structures, the mission's scope and number of personnel expanded to also include humanitarian relief, support of democratic elections, and the protection of human rights (Rivera 2018;Heine and Thompson 2011). Following the January 2010 earthquake that resulted in approximately 300,000 deaths and the internal displacement of over one million Haitians (Government of the Republic of Haiti 2010), the UNSC increased deployment to a peak of 13,000 military and police peacekeepers (United Nations Security Council 2010a, 2010b.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis

Vahedi

Stuart

Étienne³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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During the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), reports of sexual abuse and exploitation and children fathered by peacekeepers were brought forward to the UN. In 2017, a cross-sectional mixed-methods survey was administered by Haitian research assistants using SenseMaker®, a rapid data collection tool that allows participants to share a narrative on a topic of interest. In total, 2541 self-interpreted narratives in relation to the experiences of Haitian women and girls vis-à-vis peacekeepers were collected from a convenience sample of Haitian males and females across Haiti. This exploratory secondary data analysis analyzes whether narratives about sexual misconduct perpetrated by MINUSTAH peacekeepers were associated with rural, semi-urban, or urban locations and investigates the relationship between sharing narratives about sexual misconduct and the desire to engage with the UN/MINUSTAH. After adjustment, narratives addressing sexual misconduct were more likely to be shared in rural locations, compared to urban locations (RRrural: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38). Personal experiences of sexual misconduct were more likely (RRsex: 4.52; 95% CI: 3.34, 6.12) to be associated with rejection of the UN/MINUSTAH, compared to personal narratives of positive/neutral experiences. This research is an empirical steppingstone to understanding the distribution and consequences of peacekeeper-perpetrated sexual abuse and exploitation in Haiti.

show abstract

Chapter 5. The Impact Of Organized Crime On Peace Support Operations

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

‘Even peacekeepers expect something in return’: A qualitative analysis of sexual interactions between UN peacekeepers and female Haitians

‘Even peacekeepers expect something in return’: A qualitative analysis of sexual interactions between UN peacekeepers and female Haitians

The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis

The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis

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