Chapter 5 Fatty acid desaturation and chain elongation in eucaryotes

Cook, Harold W.

doi:10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60333-6

Cited by 58 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is also not surprising, therefore, that the pools of fatty acid found in the adipocyte, muscle cell, and hepatocyte become relatively enriched with the 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, or 18:0 compounds when each of these respective acids is fed in the diet for 30 d (Table I). Furthermore, the liver is known to contain enzyme systems capable of elongating and desaturating these specific fatty acids (42). This very likely accounts for the observation that the 16:0 fatty acid becomes enriched in this organ after feeding the 12:0 and 14:0, as well as the 16:0, fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory effects of the saturated fatty acids 6:0 through 18:0 on hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster.

Woollett¹,

Spady²

1992

J. Clin. Invest.

120

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The plasma concentration of cholesterol carried in low density lipoproteins is principally determined by the level of LDL receptor activity (P) and the LDL-cholesterol production rate (Jt) found in animals or man. This study delineates which saturated fatty acids alter JU and Jt and so increase the plasma LDL-cholesterol level. J' and Jt were measured in vivo in hamsters fed a constant level of added dietary cholesterol (0.12%) and triacylglycerol (10%), where the triacylglycerol contained only a single saturated fatty acid varying in chain length from 6 to 18 carbon atoms. After feeding for 30 d, the 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, and 18:0 fatty acids, but not the 6:0, 8:0, and 10:0 compounds, became significantly enriched in the liver total lipid fraction of the respective groups fed these fatty acids. However, only the 12:0, 14:0, and 16:0 fatty acids, but not the 6:0, 8:0, 10:0, and 18:0 compounds, suppressed J, increased Jt, and essentially doubled plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Neither the 16:0 nor 18:0 compound altered rates of cholesterol synthesis in the extrahepatic organs, and both lowered the hepatic total cholesterol pool. Thus, the different effects of the 16:0 and 18:0 fatty acids could not be attributed to a difference in cholesterol delivery to the liver. Since these changes in LDL kinetics took place without an apparent alteration in external sterol balance, the regulatory effects of the 12:0, 14:0, and 16:0 fatty acids presumably are mediated through some change in a putative intrahepatic regulatory pool of sterol in the liver. (J.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory effects of the saturated fatty acids 6:0 through 18:0 on hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster.

Woollett¹,

Spady²

1992

J. Clin. Invest.

120

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“…Marine ecosystems contain a diverse array of FAs (Ackman 1980), which are consumed and deposited in a predator's adipose tissues with little or no modification (Ackman & Eaton 1966, Cook 1991 or in a predictable way (Lhuillery et al 1988, Summers et al 2000, Cooper 2004. Predator FA profiles are also influenced by the biosynthesis of certain FAs and the reduced deposition of others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walton et al 2000, Beck et al 2005, Herman et al 2005, based on the established understanding that FA structures are transferred across trophic levels largely unchanged (e.g. Ackman & Eaton 1966, Cook 1991. Despite some debate in recent years over the use of this method of dietary investigation in apex predators , Thiemann et al 2004, the qualitative use of FA has proven to be useful in elucidating geographical (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blubber fatty acid profiles reveal regional, seasonal, age-class and sex differences in the diet of young Steller sea lions in Alaska

Beck¹,

Rea²,

Iverson³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Blubber fatty acid (FA) profiles of young Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus (< 24 mo old; n = 477) were investigated to determine whether regional, seasonal, age-class and sex differences occur in the diets of these demographic groups. Blubber FA profiles of spring (March to May) pups differed significantly by region, probably reflecting regional differences in the diet of adult females, who provide their pups with milk. While there were statistically significant seasonal and age-class differences in both Prince William Sound (PWS) and SE Alaska (SEA), differences in FA profiles between sexes were only evident in the blubber of yearlings from PWS. Within SEA, blubber FA profiles of summer pups differed significantly from all other seasonal/age-class groups in that region. This is consistent with movements of female-pup pairs from rookeries to haul-outs and hence differences in female foraging. In SEA, seasonal differences in blubber FA composition were evident and similar between yearlings and pups. In contrast, there was a gradual change in the FA profile of pup blubber from summer to spring in PWS, which did not follow the same seasonal pattern of yearling profiles. These differences in FA profiles suggest either differences in the timing of weaning between the 2 areas or shifts in the diets of lactating females, or both. KEY WORDS: Fatty acids · Dietary intake · Eumetopias jubatus · Independent foragingResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Both of these enzynes are localized in the cytosol. Further elongation of fatty acids is catalyzed by long-chain fatty acid elongases [elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (Elov1s)] that are predominantly localized in the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (4,12,14,41) and exert substrate-specific elongation with respect to fatty acid length and level of unsaturation (5,12,19). The members of the Elovl family are mammalian homologs of yeast ELOs and catalyze the elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Very long-chain-fatty acids enhance adipogenesis through coregulation of Elovl3 and PPARγ in 3T3-L1 cells

Kobayashi

Fujimori

2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Chapter 5 Fatty acid desaturation and chain elongation in eucaryotes

Cited by 58 publications

References 21 publications

Regulatory effects of the saturated fatty acids 6:0 through 18:0 on hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster.

Regulatory effects of the saturated fatty acids 6:0 through 18:0 on hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor activity in the hamster.

Blubber fatty acid profiles reveal regional, seasonal, age-class and sex differences in the diet of young Steller sea lions in Alaska

Very long-chain-fatty acids enhance adipogenesis through coregulation of Elovl3 and PPARγ in 3T3-L1 cells

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