Chapter 3: Superfluid Turbulence

Tough, J. T.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6417(08)60006-2

Cited by 93 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The quantization of circulation was also observed by Vinen using a vibrating wire technique [9]. Subsequently, many experimental studies have examined superfluid turbulence (ST) in thermal counterflow systems, revealing a variety of physical phenomena [10]. The dynamics of quantized vortices are nonlinear and nonlocal, so it has not been easy to quantitatively understand the experimental results on the basis of vortex dynamics.…”

Section: Superfluidity Bose-einstein Condensation and Quantized Vormentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Tsubota

2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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This article reviews recent developments in quantum fluid dynamics and quantum turbulence (QT) for superfluid helium and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Quantum turbulence was discovered in superfluid 4 He in the 1950s, but the field moved in a new direction starting around the mid 1990s. Quantum turbulence is comprised of quantized vortices that are definite topological defects arising from the order parameter appearing in Bose-Einstein condensation. Hence QT is expected to yield a simpler model of turbulence than does conventional turbulence. A general introduction to this issue and a brief review of the basic concepts are followed by a description of vortex lattice formation in a rotating atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, typical of quantum fluid dynamics. Then we discuss recent developments in QT of superfluid helium such as the energy spectra and dissipative mechanisms at low temperatures, QT created by vibrating structures, and the visualization of QT. As an application of these ideas, we end with a discussion of QT in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.

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Section: Superfluidity Bose-einstein Condensation and Quantized Vormentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Tsubota

2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…In this brief overview, written primarily for physicists who are not experts in turbulence, we concentrate on some recent advances in the statistical characterisation of fluid turbulence [33] in three dimensions, the turbulence of passive scalars such as pollutants [34], two-dimensional turbulence in thin films or soap films [35,36], turbulence in the Burgers equation [37][38][39], and fluid turbulence with polymer additives [40][41][42]; in most of this paper we restrict ourselves to homogeneous, isotropic turbulence [33,43,44]; and we highlight some similarities between the statistical properties of systems at a critical point and those of turbulent fluids [31,45,46]. Several important problems that we do not attempt to cover include Rayleigh-Bénard turbulence [47], superfluid turbulence [3,48], magnetohydrodyanmic turbulence [15,17,21,22], the behaviour of inertial particles in turbulent flows [49], the transition to turbulence in different experimental situations [50,51], and boundary-layer [52,53] and wall-bounded [54] turbulence. This paper is organised as follows: Section 2 gives an overview of some of the experiments of relevance to our discussion here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical properties of turbulence: An overview

2009

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“…The quantum of circulation was also measured by Vinen when he investigated the oscillation of a vibrating wire in rotating helium II [3]. There were many experimental studies of superfluid turbulence after Vinen's papers [13], chiefly on thermal counterflow.…”

Section: A Early Research In Superfluid Turbulence and Vortex Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Quantized Vortices in Superfluid Helium and Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates

Tsubota

Kasamatsu

2005

J Low Temp Phys

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In this article, we review the research on the dynamics of quantized vortices in superfluid helium and rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with emphasis on the recent research done by our group. A quantized vortex is a topological defect that arises from the order parameter in Bose-Einstein condensation in which frictionless superfluid flows with quantized circulation around each vortex.A quantized vortex was both predicted and discovered first in superfluid 4 He which was the first example of a Bose-Einstein condensate. Quantized vortices have been thoroughly studied in superfluid 4 He; one of the principal problems was the superfluid turbulent state consisting of a tangle of quantized vortices in thermal counterflow. More recently, the interest has shifted to the nature of superfluid turbulence, apart from the case of counterflow. After briefly reviewing the earlier research and describing the current problems, we focus our review on superfluid turbulence and vortex filament dynamics. One of the important problems is how superfluid turbulence relates to classical turbulence. Superfluid turbulence was recently shown to have an energy spectrum consistent with the Kolmogorov law, which is an important statistical law in fully developed classical turbulence. We also describe the diffusion of an inhomogeneous vortex tangle with relation to the observed decay of vortices at very low temperatures where the normal fluid component is so negligible that the usual mutual friction does not work as a decay mechanism. In connection to the above discussion of groups of vortices, we describe the vortex states that appear in a rotating channel with counterflow. Rotational effects cause the vortices to form ordered arrays, whereas counterflow effects tend to cause disordered vortex tangles; the competition of these two effects makes a new state of "a polarized vortex tangle" which opens up superfluid phase diagrams as a new area of study.In the specific field of atomic-gas Bose-Einstein condensation, we discuss recent numerical analysis of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation that describes the structure and dynamics of the order parameter. Consistent with observations, the simulated condensate starts an elliptic oscillation after the rotation is turned on, which induces the surface-mode excitations. The vortices develop from these surface excitations and then enter the bulk condensate, eventually forming a vortex lattice. When a condensate is held in a quadratic-plus-quartic combined potential, the fast rotation makes "a giant vortex" in which most vortices are absorbed into a central hole around which the superflow circulates.

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Chapter 3: Superfluid Turbulence

Cited by 93 publications

References 88 publications

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Statistical properties of turbulence: An overview

Dynamics of Quantized Vortices in Superfluid Helium and Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates

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