Chapter 3: Research Ethics Training: Using a Virtue Ethics Approach to Training to Support Development of Researcher Integrity

Palmer, Nicole; Forrester‐Jones, Rachel

doi:10.1108/s2398-601820180000003004

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Currently, there is much interest among academic and sex work advocacy groups to alter the power dynamics between researchers, communities and participants. Some researchers Morris & Morris, 2016; Palmer & Forrester-Jones, 2018; Resnik, 2012) have called for enhanced attention to virtue ethics: the embodying of particular character traits, such as respectfulness and humility, to ensure that research practices are ethical. But this approach continues to position researchers as central to ethical decision-making, while marginalizing the perspectives of research participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ethics of Financial Incentivization for Health Research Participation Among Sex Workers in a Canadian Context

et al. 2022

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Research incentivization with sex workers is common, yet limited guidance exists for ethical incentives practice. We undertook a critical qualitative inquiry into how researchers ( n = 17), community services staff ( n = 17), and sex workers participating in research ( n = 53) perceive incentives in a Canadian context. We employed an interpretive thematic approach informed by critical perspectives of relational autonomy for analysis. Four themes illustrate how (un)ethical use of incentives is situated in transactional micro-economies among groups experiencing severe marginalization: i) transactional research economy, ii) incentive type: assumptions and effects, iii) incentive amount: too much too little?, and iv) resistance, trauma, and research-related harm. Paternalistic assumptions about capacities of sex workers to act in their own best interests conflicted with participants’ rights and abilities for self-determination; with researchers maintaining ultimate decision-making authority. Power differentials create conditions of harm. Safe, equitable approaches concerning research incentive use must redress relations of power that perpetuate oppression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ethics of Financial Incentivization for Health Research Participation Among Sex Workers in a Canadian Context

et al. 2022

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“…According to our participants, the acquisition of scientific virtues could also be improved using a combination of the principle-based and virtue-based approach. Palmer and Forrester-Jones founded that discussion on ethical dilemmas and case studies developed from real-life situations enabled researchers to assess their reactions, both from a character-focused viewpoint and by utilizing a principle-based approach, which helped them to incorporate virtue ethics into their research practice (Palmer and Forrester-Jones 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Continuous education on good scientific practice was also recognized as an essential aspect in acquisitions of virtues due to the constant changing in ethical principles and newly updated regulations, as well as the inefficiency of a once-in-a-lifetime training. Ideally, universities should provide ERI training for researchers at all levels because these topics should be continually discussed from the beginning of a researcher's career (Palmer and Forrester-Jones 2018). Moreover, some argued that high school students should also learn about scientific ethics to "reduce the challenges for those who teach ethics to graduate students" (Eisen and Berry 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that researchers value this virtue-based approach and even prefer it over traditional methods of research integrity training (Berling et al 2019;Palmer and Forrester-Jones 2018). Although virtues have been studied and discussed within moral or character education (Berkowitz and Bier 2004;Carr and Steutel 2005b), there is a lack of research on scientific virtues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of key stakeholders on essential virtues for good scientific practice in research areas

Tomić

Buljan

Marušić

2021

Accountability in Research

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In contrast to the principle-based approach to ethics and research integrity (ERI) training, which stresses the importance of following moral rules, the virtue-based approach focuses on developing good character traits. This study has aimed to explore what virtues mean in scientific practice and their suitable place in ERI training, using a qualitative approach. Two faceto-face focus group discussions were conducted with 21 participants. Heterogeneous purposive sampling was used to reach participants from different countries, organization types (academia, research, publishing, private sector), scientific disciplines and stages of their scientific careers. Data generated during the focus group discussions were analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach, and three main themes were developed. The first theme addressed the relativity of virtue meanings because the participants differed in their definitions and understandings of the concept of virtue. The second theme referred to the acquisition of virtues through social interactions because participants saw virtues mostly as social constructs acquired through socialization and education. The third theme addressed the differences in the importance of particular virtues in research. Participants felt that particular virtues were more important than others because some of them are necessary for responsible research, and some are not.

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“…Beyond awareness of the ethical implications, a researcher also requires a working knowledge of research ethics guidelines to ultimately engage in the ethical conduct of research [44]. Knowledge is a routinely-measured construct in empirical studies to assess the effectiveness of research ethics training [e.g., 45, 46, 47], as well as to examine the adherence to principles of research ethics within a population of academic researchers [e.g., 48, 49].…”

Section: Awareness and Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing Humans in the Data: Ethical Blind Spots of Taiwan Academic Researchers in the Era of Behavioral Big Data

Fell¹,

Shmueli²,

Greene³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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The advent of Behavioral Big Data (BBD) has profoundly impacted research ethics. At the same time, academic disciplines with no experience in human subjects research increasingly make use of BBD datasets. In this first-of-its-kind study, we evaluate Taiwan academic researchers' knowledge and awareness of data ethics using a series of four BBDbased hypothetical research scenarios. We uncover several data ethics blind spots affecting academic researchers. Through the results of this research we hope to strengthen academic researchers' data ethics awareness and knowledge in the context of BBD, and provide suggestions for improving the ethics training of academic researchers conducting BBD studies. We also contribute a re-conceptualization of data ethics encompassing both traditional human subjects research ethics and new paradigms for the regulation of personal data, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

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Chapter 3: Research Ethics Training: Using a Virtue Ethics Approach to Training to Support Development of Researcher Integrity

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

The Ethics of Financial Incentivization for Health Research Participation Among Sex Workers in a Canadian Context

The Ethics of Financial Incentivization for Health Research Participation Among Sex Workers in a Canadian Context

Perspectives of key stakeholders on essential virtues for good scientific practice in research areas

Seeing Humans in the Data: Ethical Blind Spots of Taiwan Academic Researchers in the Era of Behavioral Big Data

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