Chapter 24 Ruffini corpuscle – a stretch receptor in the connective tissue of the skin and locomotion apparatus

Halata, Zdeněk

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63017-4

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Their overall number (seven and five respectively) is relatively small, but also about 3 times the number found in mice (2 per joint). Their structure is very similar to those Ruffini corpuscles described elsewhere (Halata, 1988). In monodelphis they are located exclusively in the fibrous layer of axillary aspect of the joint capsule, whereas in mice they were found in the dense fibrous tissue of the joint capsule on the ventrolateral side.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…skin (Halata, 1975), mucosa (Halata and Baumann, 1999) and joints (Halata et al, 1984;Halata, 1988). Previous light-and electron-microscopic studies in our laboratory demonstrated the topographical distribution of the different types of mechanoreceptor in the shoulder joint of mice (Backenköhler et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…They are exclusively found in dense connective tissue of the dermis and fibrous layer of joint capsules Hoffman, 1982, 1984;Halata, 1988). Through the close link with collagen fibers squeezing the nerve terminals within the receptor during stretch, they are ideally designed for this task covering a large receptive field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topography of corpuscular mechanoreceptors in the shoulder joint region of monodelphis domestica

Maass¹,

Baumann²,

Halata³

2001

Anat. Rec.

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The topography and structure of corpuscular mechanoreceptors in the shoulder joint capsule and periarticular connective tissue of a small laboratory marsupial (monodelphis domestica) were studied using light and electron microscopy. This animal is known to use its upper extremities for a wide range of activities like climbing and manipulating food. Thus, the shoulder joint of this animal species has a similar wide range of movement as the human shoulder joint, but is small enough for serial sectioning in its entirety. Silver stained serial paraffin sections were examined under the light microscope and the distribution of the different types of mechanoreceptors was reconstructed using three-dimensional image processing. In addition, selected mechanoreceptors were studied electron microscopically. Approximately 100 small lamellated corpuscles were found in the dense connective tissue of the joint capsule close to the insertion on the scapula and in the thickening of the joint capsule close to the glenoid labrum. Ruffini corpuscles were found in much smaller numbers in the moderately dense connective tissue of the axillary region. Only very few Vater-Pacinian corpuscles were seen in the soft periarticular connective tissue. The large number and localization of mechanoreceptor corpuscles in the shoulder joint capsule especially close to the glenoid labrum suggests, that these specialized nerve endings are likely to play an important role in control of joint movement. They can induce protective reflexes during extreme movements in the shoulder joint preventing shoulder luxation by increasing the tone of muscles pressing the humerus head into the glenoid cavity. Anat Rec 263: [35][36][37][38][39][40] 2001.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Topography of corpuscular mechanoreceptors in the shoulder joint region of monodelphis domestica

Maass¹,

Baumann²,

Halata³

2001

Anat. Rec.

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“…In the loose connective tissue of the stratum fibrosum, the Ruffini corpuscles are small, and the capsules of the cylinders are often incomplete. In well-organised connective tissue, the form of the cylinders becomes clearer, the perineural capsule is more complete, and the number of layers of the perineural capsule increases (Halata, 1988). The ligaments in the capsule of the knee joint in primates (Halata et al, 1984) as well as the human ACL (Halata and Haus, 1989) contain similar corpuscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory nerve endings in the anterior cruciate ligament (Lig. cruciatum anterius) of sheep

1999

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This study examines the structure of sensory nerve endings in the sheep anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Three types of nerve endings are found: free nerve endings (FNE), Ruffini corpuscles, and lamellated corpuscles. The FNE (more than 100) are found subsynovially. The afferent nerve fibres are either thin myelinated axons (Adelta) or C fibres with diameters of 1-2 microm. FNE have been reported to function as thermoreceptors and polymodal nociceptors. In addition, FNE are also seen between fascicles of collagen fibres, often close to blood vessels. Part of this group may be efferent autonomic fibres controlling local blood flow. The corpuscles are seen subsynovially and between fascicles of connective tissue close to the attachment points of the ACL. A ligament contains about 20 Ruffini corpuscles, which are mainly located in the subsynovial connective tissue. They consist of cylinders formed from perineural cells surrounding the afferent myelinated axons (diameters 4-5 microm) with enlarged nerve terminals anchored between collagen fibres. These enter in bundles from the surrounding connective tissue at one open pole, pass through the length of the cylinder, and leave at the other pole. Functionally, Ruffini corpuscles have been described as slowly adapting stretch receptors. Lamellated corpuscles (usually between 5 and 15) are found in the subsynovial connective tissue. The afferent myelinated axon has a diameter of 4-6 microm, and the nerve terminal is located in the centre of numerous layers formed by lamellated terminal glial cells and by a perineural capsule. They are known to function as rapidly adapting pressure receptors. The most important function of the ACL is its mechanical function, but additional sensory functions must be considered triggering reflex mechanisms in case of extreme positioning or overload.

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“…1994], Evidence connecting the functions of the proprioceptors contained within the ligaments, especially the Ruffini cor puscles, to a neurological feedback mechanism has been well established [Freeman and Wyke, 1967;Kennedy et ah, 1982;Sojka et ah. 1983;Halata, 1988;Johansson et ah. 1991a, b;Kannari et ah, 1992;Michclson and Hutchins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Innervation Characteristics of the Lateral Spinal Ligaments between Normal Subjects and Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Jiang

Greidanus²,

Moreau³

et al. 1997

Cells Tissues Organs

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Evidence is rapidly accumulating to suggest that general proprioceptive dysfunction might be a major contributing factor in the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The innervation of appropriate ligaments which has been shown to be involved in proprioceptive feedback mechanisms, has also been suggested to play a part in this sensory dysfunction. Accordingly, this study compared the innervation characteristics of lateral spinal ligaments from patients with AIS to similar measurements from control subjects. Using an antibody to neurofilament protein, Ruffini corpuscles, small and large nerve bundles, and free nerve endings were identified and their numbers and distribution patterns compared. In the control group, the innervation was found to be symmetrical between left and right sides but was more concentrated in the ventral portion of each ligament. No apparent morphological defect of the innervation was found in the lateral spinal ligaments of the scoliosis patients but the innervation densities of Ruffini corpuscles, single nerve fibres and total neural elements were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those found in normal subjects. These results suggest a possible mechanism for the production of AIS and warrant further study.

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Chapter 24 Ruffini corpuscle – a stretch receptor in the connective tissue of the skin and locomotion apparatus

Cited by 41 publications

References 20 publications

Topography of corpuscular mechanoreceptors in the shoulder joint region of monodelphis domestica

Topography of corpuscular mechanoreceptors in the shoulder joint region of monodelphis domestica

Sensory nerve endings in the anterior cruciate ligament (Lig. cruciatum anterius) of sheep

A Comparison of the Innervation Characteristics of the Lateral Spinal Ligaments between Normal Subjects and Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

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