Chapter 22 Olfaction and brainstem circuits of reproductive behavior in the rat

Shipley, Michael T.; Murphy, Anne Z.; Rizvi, T.A.; Ennis, Matthew; Behbehani, Michael M.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61876-2

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…However, it has been shown that these subnuclei differ with respect to their afferent and efferent connections and neurotransmitter content, suggesting a functional difference between them Simerly and Swanson, 1988;Rizvi et al, 1992;Thompson and Swanson, 2003). For example, one neural sensory input to the MPO is thought to originate from the olfactory bulb, relayed through the medial nucleus of amygdala and parts of bed nucleus of stria terminalis and terminating primarily within medial and central subnuclei of the MPO Shipley et al, 1996;Dong and Swanson, 2006a). In both the rat and the human, the medial basal amygdaloid nucleus and the bed nucleus of stria terminals harbor CART-and NPY-containing neurons (Hurd and Fagergren, 2000;Elias et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuroanatomical studies es-tablished major projections of the nucleus in the rat, cat, pigeon, and monkey (Swanson, 1976;Conrad and Pfaff, 1976;Saper et al, 1978;Berk and Butler, 1981;Holstege, 1987;Simerly and Swanson, 1988), including a prominent reciprocal pathway with periaqueductal gray and nucleus raphe magnus (Beitz, 1982;Veening et al, 1990;Rizvi et al, 1992;Behbehani and Da Costa Gomez, 1996;Murphy et al, 1999). The afferent input to the nucleus includes major pathways from medial amygdala and the bed nucleus of stria terminalis as well as various intrahypothalamic projections (Kita and Oomura, 1982;Shipley et al, 1996;Dong and Swanson, 2006a,b). In rodents and mammals, MPO is larger in males than in females, with sexual dimorphism apparently caused by the influence of estrogens and androgens in early development (Gorski et al, 1978;Bleier et al, 1982;Dohler, 1991;Olster, 1994).…”

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Organization of the human medial preoptic nucleus

Koutcherov

Paxinos

Kurths

2007

J of Comparative Neurology

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The organization of the adult human medial preoptic nucleus was studied by using chemoarchitectonic markers for acetylcholinesterase, nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein (SMI-32), calbindin-D28k, neuropeptide Y (NPY), melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), and 3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine (CD15) to establish human homologs to the subnuclei making up MPO in the rat, where their connections and functional significance are better understood. The human MPO comprises three subnuclei, the medial MPO, the lateral MPO, and the dorsomedially positioned uncinate subnucleus. As in the rat, the human medial MPO is magnocellular and contains numerous NPY- and CART-immunoreactive fibers and terminals as well as calbindin-positive neurons. The human lateral MPO, like its homolog in the rat, distinctively features numerous MCH-positive fibers and terminals as well as SMI-32-immunoreactive fibers. The uncinate subnucleus is wedged between the lateral surface of the paraventricular nucleus and the medial MPO and is characterized by variable NPY- and CART-immunoreactive fibers and terminals, also seen in the rat central MPO, suggesting that the subnuclei are homologues. The intermediate nucleus was distinguished by CD15-positive neuronal staining, whereas the majority of its neurons also contained acetylcholinesterase. The human intermediate nucleus is positioned on the lateral surface of MPO and by its chemo- and cytoarchitecture constitutes a distinct nucleus of the preoptic area characterized by close structural association with the MPO complex. These findings demonstrate that the human MPO is organized similarly to the rat MPO, in chemo- and cytoarchitectonically distinct subnuclei, which implies differences in their functional specialization, as seen in the rat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Organization of the human medial preoptic nucleus

Koutcherov

Paxinos

Kurths

2007

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Both the VNO and MOE regulate male-pattern sexual displays and inter-male aggression, suggesting cross-talk between or convergence of these two chemosensory circuits. Indeed mapping of the efferent connections of the projection targets of the MOB and AOB reveals such convergence in the BNST and several hypothalamic nuclei (Figure 5B) (Kevetter and Winans, 1981a, 1981b; Licht and Meredith, 1987; Meredith, 1998; Shipley et al, 1996). In addition some, but not all, studies find that the MeA may also receive afferents from the MOB, there by providing a site of convergence of MOE and VNO pathways just one synapse removed from the nose (Kang et al, 2009, 2011b; Licht and Meredith, 1987; Sosulski et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Representing Sex in the Brain, One Module at a Time

Yang

Shah

2014

Neuron

177

182

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Summary Sexually dimorphic behaviors, qualitative or quantitative differences in behaviors between the sexes, result from the activity of a sexually differentiated nervous system. Sensory cues and sex hormones control the entire repertoire of sexually dimorphic behaviors, including those commonly thought to be charged with emotion such as courtship and aggression. Recent studies show that these over-arching control mechanisms regulate distinct genes and neurons that in turn specify the display of such behaviors in a modular manner. How such modular control is transformed into cohesive internal states that correspond to sexually dimorphic behavior is poorly understood. We summarize current understanding of the neural circuit control of sexually dimorphic behaviors from several perspectives, including how neural circuits in general, and sexually dimorphic neurons in particular, can generate sex differences in behavior, and how molecular mechanisms and evolutionary constraints shape these behaviors. We propose that emergent themes such as the modular genetic and neural control of dimorphic behavior are broadly applicable to the neural control of other behaviors.

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“…The forebrain neural circuitry subserving male reproductive behavior has been well established. In particular, the vomeronasal system, composed mainly of the vomeronasal organ and the accessory olfactory bulb, and their central connections with the medial amygdala (AMe) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), have been identified as the primary circuit involved in the transduction of nonvolatile pheromonal and chemosensory information (Lehman and Winans, 1982;Halpern, 1987;Shipley et al, 1996;Wood, 1997). Volatile chemosensory stimuli, important for normal reproductive behavior (as well as noncontact erection), is relayed through the main olfactory system (see Sachs, 2000, for review).…”

Section: Functional Implications Of a Steroidresponsive Mpo3 Pag3npgimentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of gonadal steroid receptor–containing neurons in the preoptic–periaqueductal gray–brainstem pathway: A potential circuit for the initiation of male sexual behavior

Murphy

Hoffman

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

120

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The present study used anterograde and retrograde tract tracing techniques to examine the organization of the medial preoptic-periaqueductal gray-nucleus paragigantocellularis pathway in the male rat. The location of neurons containing estrogen (alpha subtype; ER alpha) and androgen receptors (AR) were also examined. We report here that injection of the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) into the medial preoptic (MPO) produced dense labeling within the periaqueductal gray (PAG); anterogradely labeled fibers terminated in close juxtaposition to neurons retrogradely labeled from the nucleus paragigantocellularis (nPGi). Dual immunostaining for Fluoro-Gold (FG) and ER alpha or FG and AR showed that over one-third of MPO efferents to the PAG contain receptors for either estrogen or androgen. In addition, approximately 50% of PAG neurons retrogradely labeled from the nPGi were immunoreactive for either ER alpha or AR. These results are the first to establish an MPO-->PAG-->nPGi circuit and further indicate that gonadal steroids can influence neuronal synaptic activity within these sites. We reported previously that nPGi reticulospinal neurons terminate preferentially within the motoneuronal pools of the lumbosacral spinal cord that innervate the pelvic viscera. Together, we propose that the MPO-->PAG-->nPGi circuit forms the final common pathway whereby MPO neural output results in the initiation and maintenance of male copulatory reflexes.

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Chapter 22 Olfaction and brainstem circuits of reproductive behavior in the rat

Cited by 24 publications

References 151 publications

Organization of the human medial preoptic nucleus

Organization of the human medial preoptic nucleus

Representing Sex in the Brain, One Module at a Time

Distribution of gonadal steroid receptor–containing neurons in the preoptic–periaqueductal gray–brainstem pathway: A potential circuit for the initiation of male sexual behavior

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