Chapter 2 Cholinergic neuromodulation and Alzheimer's disease: from single cells to network simulations

Menschik, Elliot D.; Finkel, Leif H.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63065-4

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The activation of the M1 receptors was required for induction of hippocampal gamma oscillations. Several modeling studies have attempted to show how neuroactive substances including acetylcholine may affect the activity of hippocampal neurons and networks (Pinsky & Rinzel, 1994;Menschik & Finkel, 1999;Tiesinga, Fellous, Jose, & Sejnowski, 2001). Similar to the hippocampus, cholinergic enhancement of the Ca 2C -dependent nonselective cationic current in chattering neurons may be crucial for induction of neocortical gamma oscillations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Rhythmic Bursts: Coherence Control in Networks of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons

2003

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Much evidence indicates that synchronized gamma-frequency (20-70 Hz) oscillation plays a significant functional role in the neocortex and hippocampus. Chattering neuron is a possible neocortical pacemaker for the gamma oscillation. Based on our recent model of chattering neurons, here we study how gamma-frequency bursting is synchronized in a network of these neurons. Using a phase oscillator description, we first examine how two coupled chattering neurons are synchronized. The analysis reveals that an incremental change of the bursting mode, such as from singlet to doublet, always accompanies a rapid transition from antisynchronous to synchronous firing. The state transition occurs regardless of what changes the bursting mode. Within each bursting mode, the neuronal activity undergoes a gradual change from synchrony to antisynchrony. Since the sensitivity to Ca(2+) and the maximum conductance of Ca(2+)-dependent cationic current as well as the intensity of input current systematically control the bursting mode, these quantities may be crucial for the regulation of the coherence of local cortical activity. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the modulations of the calcium sensitivity and the amplitude of the cationic current can induce rapid transitions between synchrony and asynchrony in a large-scale network of chattering neurons. The rapid synchronization of chattering neurons is shown to synchronize the activities of regular spiking pyramidal neurons at the gamma frequencies, as may be necessary for selective attention or binding processing in object recognition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma Rhythmic Bursts: Coherence Control in Networks of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons

2003

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“…Therefore, we will frame our discussion in the context of computational models of neural circuits that have direct implications for understanding the link between the cellular influences of acetylcholine and cognitive performance (Hasselmo et al, 1992, 1995, 2002; Hasselmo and Schnell, 1994; Hasselmo, 1999; Menschik and Finkel, 1999; Norman et al, 2006; Burgess et al, 2007; Hasselmo, 2008). These models include analysis of cholinergic effects on circuit dynamics in the hippocampus (Hasselmo and Schnell, 1994; Hasselmo, 1999; Menschik and Finkel, 1999), models of the functional role of theta rhythm oscillations (Hasselmo et al, 2002; Norman et al, 2006) and models of grid cell firing in entorhinal cortex (Burgess et al, 2007; Hasselmo, 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic modulation of cognitive processing: insights drawn from computational models

Newman¹,

Gupta²,

Climer³

et al. 2012

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

149

125

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Acetylcholine plays an important role in cognitive function, as shown by pharmacological manipulations that impact working memory, attention, episodic memory, and spatial memory function. Acetylcholine also shows striking modulatory influences on the cellular physiology of hippocampal and cortical neurons. Modeling of neural circuits provides a framework for understanding how the cognitive functions may arise from the influence of acetylcholine on neural and network dynamics. We review the influences of cholinergic manipulations on behavioral performance in working memory, attention, episodic memory, and spatial memory tasks, the physiological effects of acetylcholine on neural and circuit dynamics, and the computational models that provide insight into the functional relationships between the physiology and behavior. Specifically, we discuss the important role of acetylcholine in governing mechanisms of active maintenance in working memory tasks and in regulating network dynamics important for effective processing of stimuli in attention and episodic memory tasks. We also propose that theta rhythm plays a crucial role as an intermediary between the physiological influences of acetylcholine and behavior in episodic and spatial memory tasks. We conclude with a synthesis of the existing modeling work and highlight future directions that are likely to be rewarding given the existing state of the literature for both empiricists and modelers.

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“…The degree of biological plausibility of these models corresponds to our certainty regarding whether actual biological systems operate in the same way as the model. Currently, biologically realistic models are designed largely using a bottom-up methodology: observable physiological constraints are respected by hand-wiring small populations of neurons together (see, e.g., Selverston & Miller, 1980;Ekeberg, Lansner, & Grillner, 1995;Menschik & Finkel, 1999;McAlpine & Grothe, 2003). However, many important behaviors of cellular networks are not yet amenable to this method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solving the Problem of Negative Synaptic Weights in Cortical Models

2008

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In cortical neural networks, connections from a given neuron are either inhibitory or excitatory but not both. This constraint is often ignored by theoreticians who build models of these systems. There is currently no general solution to the problem of converting such unrealistic network models into biologically plausible models that respect this constraint. We demonstrate a constructive transformation of models that solves this problem for both feedforward and dynamic recurrent networks. The resulting models give a close approximation to the original network functions and temporal dynamics of the system, and they are biologically plausible. More precisely, we identify a general form for the solution to this problem. As a result, we also describe how the precise solution for a given cortical network can be determined empirically.

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Chapter 2 Cholinergic neuromodulation and Alzheimer's disease: from single cells to network simulations

Cited by 20 publications

References 108 publications

Gamma Rhythmic Bursts: Coherence Control in Networks of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons

Gamma Rhythmic Bursts: Coherence Control in Networks of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons

Cholinergic modulation of cognitive processing: insights drawn from computational models

Solving the Problem of Negative Synaptic Weights in Cortical Models

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