Chapter 17 Carboniferous-Permian history of Svalbard

Harland, W. B.; Geddes, Isobel

doi:10.1144/gsl.mem.1997.017.01.17

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…However, the sudden arrival of two siliciclastic sandstones on the carbonate-dominated central Spitsbergen platform is a puzzle. It is generally accepted that Spitsbergen and the adjacent Barents Shelf were sites of carbonate platform deposition during the Asselian and no obvious source areas are known (Steel & Worsley, 1984;Stemmerik et al, 1995;Harland & Geddes, 1997;Samuelsberg & Pickard, 1999;Stemmerik, 2000;Larssen et al, 2005;Worsley, 2008). The sandstones can be traced eastwards across the Billefjorden Fault Zone to Bünsow Land (Dons, 1983;Samuelsberg et al, 2000), and it has been suggested that the source area was located in the north or northeast (Lauritzen et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional evolution of the Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian Wordiekammen carbonate platform, Nordfjorden High, central Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway

Ahlborn¹,

Stemmerik²

2015

NJG

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This paper presents the first comprehensive study of the Wordiekammen carbonate platform on the Nordfjorden High, Central Spitsbergen. The Wordiekammen succession is divided into four depositional sequences bounded by subaerial exposure surfaces and consists of 12-84 m-thick wedgeshaped sequences being thickest in the distal area and thinner on the crest of the High. The uppermost Finlayfjellet Beds (Tyrrellfjellet sequence 2) represents in contrast a uniform sequence. The Wordiekammen Formation is composed of 11 depositional carbonate facies and three overprint facies which are grouped into 10 facies associations. Each association represents a predictable pattern of facies, 0.5-22 m thick, which is repeated many times producing a distinct cyclicity in the succession. The Wordiekammen Formation is composed of 50 depositional cycles, 21 cycles in the Kapitol Member and 29 cycles in the Tyrrellfjellet Member. Analysis of the well-dated Tyrrellfjellet Member indicates that the succession was controlled by mixed 100 kyr and 400 kyr cyclicity signals which are believed to be a reflection of eustatic sea-level fluctuation and tectonic instability. Allocyclic control on the deposition dominated the majority of the Wordiekammen succession, and an abrupt change in depositional style in the uppermost Finlayfjellet Beds is believed to reflect the break-down of the Gondwanaland ice sheets and the end of glacio-eustaic control. Four key lithological intervals and unconformities have been correlated across the Billefjorden Fault Zone to the time-equivalent succession in Bünsow Land. Based on the correlation, it is considered that the distal part of the Nordfjorden High towards the west and the carbonate platform on Bünsow Land reflected a similar geological setting while the up-dip and crestal part of the Nordfjorden High was a positive feature that divided the two carbonate platforms during sea-level lows. Finally, it is believed that the Nordfjorden High remained a homoclinal carbonate ramp up to at least Late Asselian times.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3). It is bounded to the east by the Billefjorden Fault Zone and to the west by the St. Jonsfjorden Basin (Harland & Geddes, 1997). It forms the N-Selongated, 40 km-wide crestal area of the westward tilted Nordfjorden High where Wordiekammen carbonates unconformably overlie Devonian sediments (Fig.…”

Section: Nordfjorden Highmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional evolution of the Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian Wordiekammen carbonate platform, Nordfjorden High, central Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway

Ahlborn¹,

Stemmerik²

2015

NJG

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“…A northward marine opening of the Lomfjorden Trough would imply the absence of a southern Bashkirian connection towards the Billefjorden Trough in the Malte Brunfjellet area, as suggested by Harland & Geddes (1997). These authors suggested the existence of only one extended basin instead of the individual and contemperanous rift basins in central and eastern Spitsbergen.…”

Section: Depositional History Of the Malte Brunfjellet Formationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Annotation: Although the western boundary (Ny-Friesland High) and the eastern boundary (East Svalbard Platform;Nordaustlandet High;Fig. 3;Harland & Geddes, 1997;Blomeier et al, 2009) of this depositional center are uncertain, in this manuscript we use the term 'trough', rather than the more descriptive term 'basin'.…”

Section: Lomfjorden Troughmentioning

confidence: 99%

From terrestrial to shallow-marine depositional environments: reconstruction of the depositional environments during the Late Carboniferous transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough in NE Spitsbergen (Malte Brunfjellet Formation)

Scheibner¹,

Blomeier²,

Forke³

et al. 2015

NJG

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Sedimentary rocks of the Upper Carboniferous Malte Brunfjellet Formation are investigated in five sections, located on a N-S-oriented transect along the Lomfjorden Fault Zone in eastern Spitsbergen. Results of facies and microfacies analysis led to a redefinition of the Malte Brunfjellet Formation, and formerly unspecified Carboniferous sedimentary rocks in the investigated area are now assigned to this formation. In the northern part of the Lomfjorden Trough, the Malte Brunfjellet Formation consists of a 41 m-thick, cyclic succession with variegated shales at the base and tidal flat sandstones or dolomites at the top. They are conformably deposited on gray, siliciclastic deposits of the Billefjorden Group, and in turn conformably overlain by the limestone succession of the Wordiekammen Formation. The cyclicity and overall sedimentary development of the mixed clastic/ carbonate succession indicate coastal plain to sabkha environments controlled by high-frequency sea-level fluctuations. In the southern Lomfjorden Trough, the Malte Brunfjellet strata, resting unconformably on Neoproterozoic basement rocks, comprise a basal, 13 m-thick, siliciclastic interbedding of distinct red shales, siltstones and sandstones, reflecting alluvial to fluvial environments under warm, semi-arid climatic conditions. The redbed succession is separated by a 32 m-thick scree-covered interval from a 15 m-thick, cyclic intercalation of grayish sandstones, caliche horizons, and shallow-marine, near-shore limestones, forming the upper part of the formation. The deposits reflect a development into a coastal plain controlled by sea-level fluctuations and an overall rising sea level. This lateral facies variation with shallow-marine environments in the north and alluvial to near-shore environments in the south reflect a successive transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough from northerly directions. Biostratigraphy of smaller foraminfers and cyclostratigraphy indicate a Bashkirian age for the marine sediments deposited in the upper part of the Malte Brunfjellet Formation. The marine sediments in the Lomfjorden Trough are contemporaneous with shallow-marine deposits in the Billefjorden and the St. Jonsfjorden troughs in central and western Spitsbergen. They mark the first, nearly Spitsbergen-wide, transgression, which resulted in the Svalbardwide deposition of the shallow-marine carbonates of the Wordiekammen Formation.

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“…The basin hosts mixed clastic, evaporite and carbonate fill (e.g. Carboniferous normal faulting is also evident along the Lomfjorden lineament to the east of Billefjorden (Harland, 1997), with evidence of subsequent Tertiary contractional inversion (Bergh, * Author for correspondence: harmon_maher@mail.unomaha.edu Braathen & Maher, 1994). To the west is the St Jonsfjorden trough, where W-dipping Carboniferous faults associated with halfgraben fill were reactivated and played a role in the development of the thick-skinned, basement-involved, portion of the western Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt on Spitsbergen (Maher & Welbon, 1992;Braathen & Bergh, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Løvehovden fault and Billefjorden rift basin segmentation and development, Spitsbergen, Norway

Maher

Braathen

2010

Geol. Mag.

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The Carboniferous Billefjorden rift basin is a well-known example of a suite of Carboniferous basins on the Barents Shelf and NE Greenland. The basin has a clastic, carbonate and evaporite fill with complex and disputed stratigraphic relationships, especially regarding the Ebbadalen and Minkinfjellet formations. Geometrically, the basin is considered a simple half-graben. A N-Strending fault and monocline structure within the northern portion of the basin, the Løvehovden fault, has lithological and thickness differences across it within the Minkinfjellet and possibly Ebbadalen formations. The fault shows W-side-down movement, defining a sub-basin within the larger halfgraben. Significant along-strike changes occur. Down-throw to the west is at least 150 metres and possibly 400 metres, as shown by across-fault thickness differences of Ebbadalen and/or Minkinfjellet formations. To the east of the fault, the contact between the Ebbadalen and Minkinfjellet formations is a disconformity with significant local relief, and is interpreted to represent exposure from footwall uplift, and associated near-or at-surface solution, producing basal stratiform breccias. A similar contact is not exposed west of the fault. Monoclinal deformation and thickening of the younger Wordiekammen Formation above and across the monocline constrain a later movement component. Kinematic data and the structural style clearly indicate the Løvehovden fault is a normal fault with associated tri-shear zone development, consistent with the regional Carboniferous rift setting. Earlier interpretations describe the Løvehovden fault and monocline as Tertiary contractional features. In contrast, our work advocates that they are an important architectural basin element, defining a sub-basin within the Billeforden Trough during Minkinfjellet Formation deposition, with insignificant, if any, Tertiary reactivation. The Løvehovden fault is aligned with and represents the southern termination of the Lemströmfjellet fault to the north. Thus, the Billefjorden basin changes from a narrow graben to a broader half-graben to the south. These along-strike changes have important implications for the stratigraphic architecture of the basin, and for palaeogeographic reconstructions. These results and application of 3-D models for extension related tri-shear zones may help inform interpretation of other Carboniferous basins on the Barents Shelf.

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Chapter 17 Carboniferous-Permian history of Svalbard

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Depositional evolution of the Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian Wordiekammen carbonate platform, Nordfjorden High, central Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway

Depositional evolution of the Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian Wordiekammen carbonate platform, Nordfjorden High, central Spitsbergen, Arctic Norway

From terrestrial to shallow-marine depositional environments: reconstruction of the depositional environments during the Late Carboniferous transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough in NE Spitsbergen (Malte Brunfjellet Formation)

Løvehovden fault and Billefjorden rift basin segmentation and development, Spitsbergen, Norway

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