Chapter 15 Liver and Gastroenterology Tests

Farkas, Paul; Sampson, Joanna E.; Slitzky, Barry; Altman, Brian J.; Altman, Jason M.; Jensen, J.S.

doi:10.37573/9781585285495.015

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Pesticides produce biochemical impairment and lesions of tissues and cellular processes increasing the activity of enzymes multiplied hundreds of times ordinary such as (AST), (ALT), (ALP), and (LDH) in land snails, Monacha cantiana , and Theba pisana , due to cell damage in their many organs ( Felix Wróblewski, et al ., 1956; Radwan, et al ., 1992; Farkas, et al ., 2004; Arceci, et al ., 2006; Mahmoud, 2006; Celik, et al ., 2009; Ghouri, et al ., 2010 and El-Gohary and Genena, 2011 and Khalil, 2016 ). Also, Bakry et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro, Evaluation for Consumption Ratio for certain plants and Toxicity and Biochemical Parameters of some Insecticides onEobania vermiculata

Bashandy

2023

Preprint

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Land snails are one of the most harmful agricultural pests to crops, causing economic devastation to a variety of plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal food preference of land snails,Eobania vermiculata, and evaluate the mortality and biochemical activity of five pesticides using a leaf dipping technique against them in vitro. The findings revealed that in “no-choice feeding,” it was observed that land snails consumed a significantly higher amount of Cos lettuce leaves compared to leaves from other plants. However, chicory leaves were found to be the least preferred by the snails. On the other hand, “free choice feeding,” revealed that land snails showed a preference for Cos lettuce and cabbage leaves, which were consumed more frequently. Conversely, Komatsuna leaves had the lowest acceptance among the snails. Also, the results indicated the mortality rate increased with an increased concentration during exposure time. After three days, the lower concentrations of Sulfoxaflor and Fipronil caused a high mortality percentage in the animals compared with other pesticides, respectively. Moreover, after one month of exposure to 1000 ppm/100 ml, Chlorantraniliprole caused 46.43% mortality. But Sulfoxaflor and Fipronil exhibited (42.86%) mortality. They achieved LC50(1010.48, 2501.93, and 1444.66 ppm/100ml), against tested snails, respectively. Nevertheless, Spinetoram and Spirotetramat caused a lower mortality rate. During seven days of exposure to LC25for five pesticides by leaf dipping on E. vermiculata. They impacted some of the biochemical activity of two enzymes: alanine amino transaminase (ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), total proteins (LP), and the lipid profile of E. vermiculata. The results showed that the activities of ALT, AST, and Triglycerides rose by 50%, with 108 u/l, 407 u/l, and 2064 mg/dl, respectively. Compared to the control and other compounds, Spirotetramat raised total cholesterol by 33 mg/dl. ALT and AST activity and Triglycerides lowered following Spinetoram and Fipronil treatment at 13 u/l, 32u/l, and (4 mg/dl) of TL, respectively. However, no substantial treatments or controls that influence TP, (Total cholesterol and LDH) or LP levels after the exposure period are available. Ultimately, the results indicated that both Cos lettuce and cabbage leaves were the preferred food choices for land snails, as observed in both feeding methods. However, it is important to note that these findings also highlight the need to consider the impact of insecticides on land snails. Incorporating these insecticides into a comprehensive management strategy to mitigate any negative effects of land snails while ensuring the overall well-being of the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro, Evaluation for Consumption Ratio for certain plants and Toxicity and Biochemical Parameters of some Insecticides onEobania vermiculata

Bashandy

2023

Preprint

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“…Moreover, the mortality rate of snails increased with increasing the extract concentrations and also with increasing the time elapsed. It causes cell injuries in the digestive gland of snails and also causes toxically hepatitis (Farkas et al, 2004). Likewise, Tahir et al (2015) showed that the treatment with Z. officinale extract promoted apoptosis.…”

Section: Molluscicidal Potency Of Zingiber Officinale Extract Against...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Some Botanical Oils and Ginger Extract against Monacha cartusiana Snail

Ghareeb,

EL-Shafey

2023

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology

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Currently using natural materials for Monacha cartusiana (Müller), (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae) snail control is deliberated to be the utmost realistic attitude. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of six crucial botanical oils. (Camphora officinarum Nees (Laurales, Lauraceae), Citrus limon Osbeck (Sapindales, Rutaceae), Mentha perpirata L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae), Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiales, Lamiaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtales, Myrtaceae) were used at concentrations (4, 10, 20, and 40%) while Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberales, Zingiberaceae) extract at (1, 5, 10, and 20%) against M. cartusiana snails. The LC50 and LC90 of each botanical oil and ginger extract were determined and the activity of the binary mixture of LC50 extract with LC50 of the three most effective oils against snails was estimated under laboratory conditions. All treatments caused a relative mortality of the snail individuals which made it possible to calculate the toxicity index and relative toxicity. Moreover, this study proved that the effect of C. officinarum, N. sativa and O. basilicum oils are higher than that of the other used oils, as they achieved 86.66, 76.66 and 86.66% mortality respectively, at the highest tested concentration after 14 days of treatment. On the other hand, Z. officinale extract caused 73.33% mortality at the highest concentration when used individually and the binary mixing of its LC50 with LC50 of C. camphora, N. sativa and O. basilicum oils separately induced 66.66, 100.00 and 60.00% mortality, respectively. Thus, botanical oils and their mixtures are preferably used in the control of land snails instead of the traditional chemical pesticides.

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Chapter 15 Liver and Gastroenterology Tests

Cited by 2 publications

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In vitro, Evaluation for Consumption Ratio for certain plants and Toxicity and Biochemical Parameters of some Insecticides onEobania vermiculata

In vitro, Evaluation for Consumption Ratio for certain plants and Toxicity and Biochemical Parameters of some Insecticides onEobania vermiculata

Toxicity of Some Botanical Oils and Ginger Extract against Monacha cartusiana Snail

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