Chapter 13 Landslides on São Miguel Island (Azores): susceptibility analysis and validation of rupture zones using a bivariate GIS-based statistical approach

Marques, Rui; Amaral, Paulo; Araújo, I.; Gaspar, J. L.; Zêzere, José Luı́s

doi:10.1144/m44.13

Cited by 8 publications

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References 70 publications

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“…Even though seismic activity in the area has been relatively low when compared with the other two active central volcanoes of the island, there are important seismogenic zones close to Sete Cidades that have generated strong earthquakes with damaging effects on the region (Gaspar et al 2015b;Silva et al 2015). The superficial deposits that cover most of the landscape in the region are made from unconsolidated pyroclasts, which are susceptible to landslides in particular on the caldera walls, the sea cliffs, steep slopes and deep valleys and the fault scarps of the Mosteiros Graben (Marques et al 2015).…”

Section: Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Queiroz

Gaspar

Guest

et al. 2015

Memoirs

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Sete Cidades is an active central volcano on the western part of São Miguel. The geological record reveals that subaerial activity started more than 250 ka ago. Stratigraphic units defined for Sete Cidades deposits reflect major events in the history of the volcano and are organized into two main groups: the Inferior Group and the Superior Group. Caldera formation resulted from three major paroxysmal events that occurred at about 36, 29 and 16 ka ago. Analysis of the eruptive history of Sete Cidades shows that effusive or moderately explosive eruptions, of Hawaiian and/or Strombolian styles, were located on the slopes of the central volcano. Conversely, trachytic explosive activity is mostly centred inside the caldera involving, in a first stage, predominantly Plinian and sub-Plinian phenomena, changing about 5 ka ago to a dominant hydromagmatic style. Trachytic effusive eruptions are represented by domes and associated lava flows that crop out in the inner caldera walls and on the western slopes of the volcano. Offshore submarine activity is represented by the historic Surtseyan eruptions of 1638 and 1811. In the last 5 ka Sete Cidades was the most active central volcano in the Azores with 17 explosive eruptions predominantly with hydromagmatic character. Scoria conesThese are the most common volcanic edifices on Sete Cidades massif and were formed as a result of the accumulation of basaltic † Deceased 19 May 2012.

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Section: Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Queiroz

Gaspar

Guest

et al. 2015

Memoirs

Self Cite

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“…Вид с юго-востока (https://www.arrivalguides.com/en/Travelguide/Azores/doandsee/volcanic-andscape-of-pico-island-72653/). Остров Сан-Жоржи (Hildenbrand et al, 2008;Marques et al, 2015;Viveiros, Zanon, 2018) расположен в 20 км к северо-востоку от хребта Файял-Пику. Максимальная протяженность острова составляет 53 км при ширине всего 8 км.…”

Section: термины в статьеunclassified

Landslide Processes on Volcanic Edifices in the North-Eastern Part of the Atlantic Ocean

Mazarovich¹

2022

Bulletin KRAES.Earth Sciences

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In the northeastern Atlantic there are (from south to north) archipelagoes of the volcanic islands of Cape Verde, Canary, Selvagens, Madeira and Azores. They were formed on the oceanic crust in Miocene-Quaternary times. Analysis of the geological structure of the thirty islands leads to the conclusion that half of them were destroyed at different times in the course of their evolution by catastrophic landslide processes. On some of these islands such events have occurred more than once. They caused tsunamis and formed large landslide masses in the adjacent parts of the ocean. Based on the data presented, the assumption is made of volcanic edifices that may have been destroyed by landslide processes. A prerequisite for landslides on a volcanic edifice could be a shift of its center of gravity.

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“…Geoenvironmental factors considered are Geology and Land Use/Land Cover. The landslide predisposing factors were classified following the proposal of Marques [33,49], which was used in a study area similar to the Ribeira Grande basin.…”

Section: Landslide Susceptibility Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at the Basin Scale for Rainfall- and Earthquake-Triggered Shallow Slides

2019

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The hydrographic basin of Ribeira Grande (S. Miguel Island, Azores) has a set of characteristics that enhance the occurrence of shallow slides that have been triggered by rainfall and earthquakes. Two landslide inventories were built according to the landslide triggers: Landslide Inventory 2 (LI 2), which includes 174 earthquake-triggered shallow slides occurred in 2005; and Landslide Inventory 1 (LI 1), which includes 442 shallow slides triggered by rainfall in several periods from 2005 to 2016. Both landslide inventories were characterized and compared from the morphometric point of view and were used individually to produce susceptibility models to failure using a simple bivariate state-of-the-art statistical method (the Information Value). The landslide susceptibility Models were validated using success rates, prediction rates, and Kappa statistics. The results show that shallow slides triggered by rainfall and earthquakes in the study area have different morphometric characteristics. It was verified that models produced with LI 1 are very effective in predicting the spatial location of LI 2, but the same does not happen in the inverse situation. Finally, landslide susceptibility models developed with LI 1 and LI 2 for the upper sector of the hydrographic basin (where most landslides occurred), and latter applied to the complete watershed, present more modest predictive results but are more reliable to characterize the landslide susceptibility in the study area.Geosciences 2019, 9, 268 2 of 22 namely in active seismic zones [15][16][17][18]. The effect of propagation of seismic waves can be explained by the subjection of geological materials to alternating cycles of loading and decompression, which produce changes in the interstitial pressure, shear strength, and material cohesion [19][20][21]. The occurrence of landslides following a seismic event is, thus, a consequence of the transient voltages associated with the propagation of the seismic waves [19]. According to Lin et al. [22,23], earthquakes can also increase the weakness of the superficial rocks and soils near the epicentre, thus increasing the susceptibility to landslide occurrence. Indeed, in some cases, earthquakes do not trigger, but they act as a preparatory factor, providing a significant increase in the density of shallow slides triggered by rainfall in the next months or years.In the landslide literature, the idea has been reinforced that landslides with different triggering mechanisms (e.g., rainfall and earthquakes) do not present the same spatial incidence, nor are they similarly conditioned by the same predisposing factors. Thus, several authors have emphasized the importance of an individualized treatment of landslides according to their trigger, namely in what regards the evaluation of landslide susceptibility [24][25][26][27][28].At another level, statistically based landslide susceptibility models explore the relationships between landslides and landslide predisposing factors based on the contrast between conditions associated with un...

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Chapter 13 Landslides on São Miguel Island (Azores): susceptibility analysis and validation of rupture zones using a bivariate GIS-based statistical approach

Cited by 8 publications

References 70 publications

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Landslide Processes on Volcanic Edifices in the North-Eastern Part of the Atlantic Ocean

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at the Basin Scale for Rainfall- and Earthquake-Triggered Shallow Slides

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