Chapter 10 Propriospinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion: potential targets for repair strategies?

Jordan, Larry M.; Schmidt, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(02)37012-2

Cited by 74 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Over the past decade, work in vivo has implicated an important role for dopamine in generating and maintaining stepping behavior (Gerin and Privat 1998;Jordan and Schmidt 2002;Lapointe et al 2009;McCrea et al 1997). Additionally, in vitro work has highlighted the ability of dopamine to modulate ongoing locomotor rhythms in several vertebrate species (Barrière et al 2004;Clemens et al 2012;Gordon and Whelan 2006;Jiang et al 1999;Madriaga et al 2004;Schotland et al 1995;Whelan et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What we do know is that dopamine is released within the spinal cord during stepping activity (Gerin and Privat 1998;Jordan and Schmidt 2002) to alter motor output (Barbeau and Rossignol 1991;Clemens et al 2012;Han et al 2007;Han and Whelan 2009;Lapointe et al 2009;Madriaga et al 2004;McCrea et al 1997) and modulate sensory transmission in a variety of species. Dopaminergic fibers project from the diencephalon (A11 area), and all five dopamine receptors are present in the ventral horn of the adult mouse spinal cord (Holstege et al 1996;Qu et al 2006;Ridet et al 1992;Weil-Fugazza and Godefroy 1993;Yoshida and Tanaka 1988;Zhu et al 2007), where motor circuits are located.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Sharples

Humphreys

Jensen

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Sharples SA, Humphreys JM, Jensen AM, Dhoopar S, Delaloye N, Clemens S, Whelan PJ. Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 113: 2500 -2510, 2015. First published February 4, 2015 doi:10.1152/jn.00849.2014.-Dopamine is now well established as a modulator of locomotor rhythms in a variety of developing and adult vertebrates. However, in mice, while all five dopamine receptor subtypes are present in the spinal cord, it is unclear which receptor subtypes modulate the rhythm. Dopamine receptors can be grouped into two families-the D 1/5 receptor group and the D 2/3/4 group, which have excitatory and inhibitory effects, respectively. Our data suggest that dopamine exerts contrasting dose-dependent modulatory effects via the two receptor families. Our data show that administration of dopamine at concentrations Ͼ35 M slowed and increased the regularity of a locomotor rhythm evoked by bath application of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and N-methyl-D(L)-aspartic acid (NMA).This effect was independent of the baseline frequency of the rhythm that was manipulated by altering the NMA concentration. We next examined the contribution of the D 1 -and D 2 -like receptor families on the rhythm. Our data suggest that the D 1 -like receptor contributes to enhancement of the stability of the rhythm. Overall, the D 2 -like family had a pronounced slowing effect on the rhythm; however, quinpirole, the D 2 -like agonist, also enhanced rhythm stability. These data indicate a receptor-dependent delegation of the modulatory effects of dopamine on the spinal locomotor pattern generator. dopamine; locomotion; monoamine; spinal cord NEURAL CIRCUITS that produce basic rhythmic motor patterns of locomotion, in vertebrates, reside primarily in the spinal cord and are subject to neuromodulation from a wide range of sources both intrinsic and extrinsic to the spinal cord (Dunbar et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Sharples

Humphreys

Jensen

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…5-HT 7 receptor-positive cells in the locomotor area of the ventral horn were not described by Doly and co-workers (2005). Using another antibody, we described 5-HT 7 receptor positive locomotor neurons in the ventral horn spinal cord of adult rats labeled using an antibody to c-fos after a treadmill locomotor task (Jordan and Schmidt 2002).…”

Section: -Ht 7 Receptors Are Required For 5-ht-induced Locomotor-likmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strong evidence suggests that 5-hydroxytryptamne (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter involved in a descending command system sufficient for production of locomotion (Jordan and Schmidt 2002;Liu and Jordan 2005;Schmidt and Jordan 2000). Furthermore, there is increasing interest in the possibility that recovery of locomotion after injury can be facilitated by 5-HT agonists or transplantation of 5-HT neurons into the spinal cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal 5-HT₇ Receptors Are Critical for Alternating Activity During Locomotion: In Vitro Neonatal and In Vivo Adult Studies Using 5-HT₇ Receptor Knockout Mice

Liu

Akay²,

Hedlund³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Liu J, Akay T, Hedlund PB, Pearson KG, Jordan LM. Spinal 5-HT 7 receptors are critical for alternating activity during locomotion: in vitro neonatal and in vivo adult studies using 5-HT 7 receptor knockout mice. J Neurophysiol 102: 337-348, 2009. First published May 27, 2009 doi:10.1152 doi:10. /jn.91239.2008 receptors have been implicated in the control of locomotion. Here we use 5-HT 7 receptor knockout mice to rigorously test whether 5-HT acts at the 5-HT 7 receptor to control locomotor-like activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord in vitro and voluntary locomotion in adult mice. We found that 5-HT applied onto in vitro spinal cords of 5-HT 7 ϩ/ϩ mice produced locomotor-like activity that was disrupted and subsequently blocked by the 5-HT 7 receptor antagonist SB-269970. In spinal cords isolated from 5-HT 7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice, 5-HT produced either uncoordinated rhythmic activity or resulted in synchronous discharges of the ventral roots. SB-269970 had no effect on 5-HT-induced rhythmic activity in the 5-HT 7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice. In adult in vivo experiments, SB-269970 applied directly to the spinal cord consistently disrupted locomotion and produced prolonged-extension of the hindlimbs in 5-HT 7 ϩ/ϩ but not 5-HT 7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice. Disrupted EMG activity produced by SB-269970 in vivo was similar to the uncoordinated rhythmic activity produced by the drug in vitro. Moreover, 5-HT 7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice displayed greater maximal extension at the hip and ankle joints than 5-HT 7 ϩ/ϩ animals during voluntary locomotion. These results suggest that spinal 5-HT 7 receptors are required for the production and coordination of 5-HT-induced locomotor-like activity in the neonatal mouse and are important for the coordination of voluntary locomotion in adult mice. We conclude that spinal 5-HT 7 receptors are critical for alternating activity during locomotion.

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“…Pathways that have been studied include the corticospinal [24,25], rubrospinal [26,27], vestibulospinal [28], reticulospinal [29][30][31], and propriospinal tracts [32]. In contrast, relatively fewer pathways can be selectively activated in humans.…”

Section: Evoked Contractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological methods to measure motor function in humans and animals with spinal cord injury

Thomas

Noga

2003

JRRD

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Abstract-This article compares some physiological methods commonly used to measure the functional capability of the motor system in humans and animals after spinal cord injury. Some of the differences between animal and human experimentation are considered first. Then we discuss how to measure the effectiveness of conduction through the motor system. We describe ways to assess the integration of different inputs at the spinal cord and to measure the responsiveness of the neuromuscular system. We conclude that comparisons across species are invaluable to understand the control of movement, both before and after injury.

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Chapter 10 Propriospinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion: potential targets for repair strategies?

Cited by 74 publications

References 92 publications

Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Spinal 5-HT₇ Receptors Are Critical for Alternating Activity During Locomotion: In Vitro Neonatal and In Vivo Adult Studies Using 5-HT₇ Receptor Knockout Mice

Physiological methods to measure motor function in humans and animals with spinal cord injury

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Chapter 10 Propriospinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion: potential targets for repair strategies?

Cited by 74 publications

References 92 publications

Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Dopaminergic modulation of locomotor network activity in the neonatal mouse spinal cord

Spinal 5-HT7 Receptors Are Critical for Alternating Activity During Locomotion: In Vitro Neonatal and In Vivo Adult Studies Using 5-HT7 Receptor Knockout Mice

Physiological methods to measure motor function in humans and animals with spinal cord injury

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Spinal 5-HT₇ Receptors Are Critical for Alternating Activity During Locomotion: In Vitro Neonatal and In Vivo Adult Studies Using 5-HT₇ Receptor Knockout Mice