Chapter 1. The Southern California Bight: Background and Setting

Dailey, Murray D.; Anderson, Jack W.; Reish, Donald J.; Gorsline, Donn S.

doi:10.1525/9780520322400-005

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The biota associated with barrels at this low-oxygen (<10 μM) site , is fundamentally different from other settings where barrels serve as artificial substrate for the growth of sessile organisms, including sponges, anemones, and tunicates, and provide habitat for crabs, starfish, and brittle stars. − In those settings, sessile organisms sometimes form distinct structures on barrels, resembling bioherms. − In this study, sponges were observed on some barrels, for example, Figure E,G,O, and one of the barrels apparently hosted dozens of snails (Figure S4C). However, rather than promoting substantial macrofaunal growth, the barrels in this oxygen-limited environment primarily host microbial communities, including apparent mats of filamentous sulfur bacteria atop some barrels and ring-structured microbial mats on the sediment surface surrounding some barrels (Figures F,H–K and S2–S35).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…To make this estimate, we developed a mass balance using the proportion of ∑DDX to polychlorinated biphenyls (∑PCB), an approach similar to that suggested by Venkatesan . PCBs are similar to DDTs in terms of hydrophobicity, recalcitrance, and years of disposal, but were neither manufactured in California nor present in MCC waste barrels. ,,− Importantly, PCBs were commingled with DDT in the Los Angeles County Sanitation District outfalls at White Point . We chose the most heavily ∑DDX-contaminated core sample at the White Point outfalls (∑DDX:∑PCB = 13.8) (Figure A,B) as an endmember representative of the Palos Verdes Shelf …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite typically low oxygen concentrations, the San Pedro and Santa Monica basins host some infauna and experience occasional flushing events that allow for additional benthic macrofauna. , To understand the potential toxicity of sediments, we compared our results with the NOAA sediment quality guidelines for the effects range median (ERM), above which adverse effects are likely . For ∑DDX*, the ERM is 46.1 ng g –1 (note that in this study the o , p ′- isomers are included for assessing ∑DDX* values).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ocean Dumping of Containerized DDT Waste Was a Sloppy Process

Kivenson

Lemkau

Pizarro

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Industrial-scale dumping of organic waste to the deep ocean was once common practice, leaving a legacy of chemical pollution for which a paucity of information exists. Using a nested approach with autonomous and remotely operated underwater vehicles, a dumpsite offshore California was surveyed and sampled. Discarded waste containers littered the site and structured the suboxic benthic environment. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was reportedly dumped in the area, and sediment analysis revealed substantial variability in concentrations of p,p-DDT and its analogs, with a peak concentration of 257 μg g–1, ∼40 times greater than the highest level of surface sediment contamination at the nearby DDT Superfund site. The occurrence of a conspicuous hydrocarbon mixture suggests that multiple petroleum distillates, potentially used in DDT manufacture, contributed to the waste stream. Application of a two end-member mixing model with DDTs and polychlorinated biphenyls enabled source differentiation between shelf discharge versus containerized waste. Ocean dumping was found to be the major source of DDT to more than 3000 km2 of the region’s deep seafloor. These results reveal that ocean dumping of containerized DDT waste was inherently sloppy, with the contents readily breaching containment and leading to regional scale contamination of the deep benthos.

show abstract

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ocean Dumping of Containerized DDT Waste Was a Sloppy Process

Kivenson

Lemkau

Pizarro

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ROV Jason was then deployed for additional images of the barrels, and to collect sediment samples for chemical measurements [previously described ( Kivenson et al, 2019 )], and biological analyses. The bottom waters are oxygen-limited (between 0 and 5 μM oxygen) and the sediments can support sulfate reduction ( Dailey et al, 1993 ). The core samples used for biological analyses include the surficial (top two centimeters) sediment from two push cores not affiliated with barrels (collected >60 m from a barrel), two microbial mat/ring samples (collected at the microbial ring-shaped mat from each of two barrels), and two samples from just outside the microbial ring/mat (<0.25 m).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Basis for Dual Genetic Code Expansion in Marine Deltaproteobacteria

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marine benthic environments may be shaped by anthropogenic and other localized events, leading to changes in microbial community composition evident decades after a disturbance. Marine sediments in particular harbor exceptional taxonomic diversity and can shed light on distinctive evolutionary strategies. Genetic code expansion is a strategy that increases the structural and functional diversity of proteins in cells, by repurposing stop codons to encode non-canonical amino acids: pyrrolysine (Pyl) and selenocysteine (Sec). Here, we report both a study of the microbiome at a deep sea industrial waste dumpsite and an unanticipated discovery of codon reassignment in its most abundant member, with potential ramifications for interpreting microbial interactions with ocean-dumped wastes. The genomes of abundant Deltaproteobacteria from the sediments of a deep-ocean chemical waste dump site have undergone genetic code expansion. Pyl and Sec in these organisms appear to augment trimethylamine (TMA) and one-carbon metabolism, representing an increased metabolic versatility. The inferred metabolism of these sulfate-reducing bacteria places them in competition with methylotrophic methanogens for TMA, a contention further supported by earlier isotope tracer studies and reanalysis of metatranscriptomic studies. A survey of genomic data further reveals a broad geographic distribution of a niche group of similarly specialized Deltaproteobacteria, including at sulfidic sites in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Guaymas Basin, and North Sea, as well as in terrestrial and estuarine environments. These findings reveal an important biogeochemical role for specialized Deltaproteobacteria at the interface of the carbon, nitrogen, selenium, and sulfur cycles, with their niche adaptation and ecological success potentially augmented by genetic code expansion.

show abstract

“…Unlike most of the California coast, which trends north-south and is exposed to prevailing winds and heavy surf, the Santa Barbara Channel and portions of the Los Angeles Basin are relatively sheltered, containing numerous stretches of protected coastline that trend east-west. The marine environment of the Channel Islands-and the California coast in general-is exceptionally productive, with an abundance of kelp forest, rocky nearshore, and sandy nearshore habitats (Dailey et al 1993;Landberg 1975). Upwelling and nutrient-rich currents support dense and diverse populations of marine mammals, fish, sea and shorebirds, and shellfish.…”

Section: Marine Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Archaeology and Historical Ecology of Late Holocene San Miguel Island

Rick¹

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Angeles that promotes the comprehensive and inter-disciplinary study of the human past. Established in 1973, the Cotsen Institute is a unique resource that provides an opportunity for faculty, staff, graduate students, research associates, volunteers and the general public to gather together in their explorations of ancient human societies.Former President and CEO of Neutrogena Corporation Lloyd E. Cotsen has been associated with UCLA for more than 30 years as a volunteer and donor and maintains a special interest in archaeology. Lloyd E. Cotsen has been an advisor and supporter of the Institute since 1980. In 1999, The UCLA Institute of Archaeology changed its name to the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA to honor the longtime support of Lloyd E. Cotsen.Cotsen Institute Publications specializes in producing high-quality data monographs in several different series, including Monumenta Archaeologica, Monographs, and Perspectives in California Archaeology, as well as innovative ideas in the Cotsen Advanced Seminar Series and the Ideas, Debates and Perspectives Series. Through the generosity of Lloyd E. Cotsen, our publications are subsidized, producing superb volumes at an affordable price.

show abstract

Chapter 1. The Southern California Bight: Background and Setting

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Ocean Dumping of Containerized DDT Waste Was a Sloppy Process

Ocean Dumping of Containerized DDT Waste Was a Sloppy Process

An Ecological Basis for Dual Genetic Code Expansion in Marine Deltaproteobacteria

The Archaeology and Historical Ecology of Late Holocene San Miguel Island

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About