Chapter 1 The history of stroke and cerebrovascular disease

Paciaroni, Maurizio; Bogousslavsky, Julien

doi:10.1016/s0072-9752(08)01901-5

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 126 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the 1960s, Fisher demonstrated that a thromboembolic mechanism underlies most ischemic strokes and that the source of thrombus might be the heart or a proximal arterial lesion. However, it was only in the 1970s that stroke became a major part of neurology, mainly as a consequence of the first clinical trials on anticoagulants in acute ischemic stroke 29 and the first clinical trial on carotid endarterectomy. 30 Stroke is thus a good example of an initially discarded field among the most famous leaders and schools in neurology.…”

Section: The Decisive Step: the Clinical-anatomic Approach At The Turmentioning

confidence: 99%

How did stroke become of interest to neurologists?

Paciaroni¹,

Bogousslavsky²

2009

Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It was not until the first half of the 19th century that the vascular nature of strokes was readily recognized and accepted. Brain "softenings" were distinguished from hemorrhagic "apoplexy," but stroke etiology remained unstudied. The terms artherosclerosis, thrombosis, embolism, and lacune were introduced to indicate etiology, but carotid occlusive disease was recognized later, in the second half of the 19th century. The development of knowledge of stroke was slow, likely corresponding to limited interest by the great early neurologists: stroke never was a field of critical interest in the Salpêtrière and Pitié Schools at the time of the local leading figures, Vulpian and Charcot. By contrast, scarce studies were due to isolated physicians, who did not contribute much to other fields, including Rochoux, Rostan, Durand-Fardel, or Dechambre; critical advances came from pathologists such as Rokitansky and Virchow. The interest in stroke among neurologists generally was clearly triggered by the development of clinical-topographic correlation studies, promoted by Déjerine and Marie, and followed by Foix, the father of modern clinical stroke research.

show abstract

Section: The Decisive Step: the Clinical-anatomic Approach At The Turmentioning

confidence: 99%

How did stroke become of interest to neurologists?

Paciaroni¹,

Bogousslavsky²

2009

Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is the second commonest cause of death and fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. 2 This study is a prospective study conducted on 150 patients with first episode of acute ischemic stroke. This study was conducted to study the role of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width as prognostic markers in acute ischemic stroke patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke is no longer a disease of the developed world: Low and middle-income countries account for 85.5% of total stroke deaths worldwide and the number of disability-adjusted life years in these countries was approximately seven times that in high-income countries. 1 In 2013, stroke was the second most common cause of deaths (11.8% of all deaths) worldwide, after ischemic heart disease (14.8% of all deaths), and the third most common cause of disability (4.5% of DALYs from all cause) after ischemic heart disease (6.1% of DALYs from all cause) 2 In India, the overall age adjusted prevalence rate for stroke is estimated to lie between 84-262/100,000 in rural and between 334-424/100,000 in urban areas. 1 Hippocrates (460-370 BC), the father of medicine, first recognized stroke over 2400 years ago.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prospective Study of Role of Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Distribution Width as Prognostic Markers in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

Narasimhamurthy¹,

Ramesh²,

Chaitanya³

2019

jebmh

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Stroke is a global health problem. Platelet activation & aggregation are critical in pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. The mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are laboratory markers associated with platelet function and activity. Increased values in thromboembolic disease is reflected as an important risk factor. We wanted to assess the severity of acute ischemic stroke according to modified Rankin scale and determine the value of mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width. We also wanted to establish the correlation between mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width with the severity of acute ischemic stroke and correlate the value of mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width with other risk factors for stroke. METHODS A prospective study was undertaken among patients admitted in ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR from January 2017 to June 2018. Study comprised of around 150 cases of acute ischemic stroke without previous thrombotic events. Severity of ischemic stroke was assessed by the Modified Rankin Scale. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on Rankin score (Group 1: Score 0-2, and Group 2: Score 3 or more). Blood samples were taken to measure MPV and PDW. RESULTS MPV and PDW were significantly elevated in patients who suffered a severe stroke defined as modified Rankin score of 3 to 6. Patients with higher MPV had worse outcome at the end of one week. After controlling for the risk profile associated with ischemic stroke in the multivariate logistic regression model, the effect of MPV in ischemic stroke remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS MPV and PDW can be considered as laboratory markers for the risk of acute ischemic stroke. The MPV is associated with ischemic stroke severity and has a high value for discriminating severe from mild ischemic stroke.

show abstract

“…Yet Celsus, the Roman encyclopedist of the 1st century AD, described stroke and paralysis as "frequent medical conditions" [2]. Obviously stroke is a brilliant "model" to exemplify the statement by Daremberg, and Galenic medicine is an excellent starting point, because it integrated various ancient doctrines and infl uenced medical practice for more than one and a half millennia [3][4][5]. However, the emergence of Galen's discussions cannot be understood without a preliminary assessment of earlier ancient teachings related to this disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood, Phlegm and Spirits: Galen on Stroke

Karenberg¹

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper will use original sources to examine Galen's contributions to the doctrine of stroke, or, in ancient terminology, "apoplexy". Following a rough outline of some methodological issues and pre-Galenic concepts of the disease, Galen's defi nition and construction of the clinical symptoms will be presented in detail. These include sudden onset, comatose state, serious impairment of movement, lack of sensation, shallow respiration, low pulse, damage of voice and usually fatal outcome. Galen distinguished "apoplexy" from other diseases such as "karos", "lethargy" and "paralysis". In retrospect, his defi nition includes a number of modern disease categories, such as myocardial infarction and fatal pulmonary embolism. As for the origin of the attack, Galen's fundamental explanation centered on the Hippocratic concept of humoral imbalance, and he distinctly rejected Aristotle's teaching of the involvement of the heart. According to Galen's teaching, stroke resulted either from an infl ux of blood into the brain or from the accumulation of phlegm and black bile in the cerebral ventricles blocking the transmission of the animal spirit. Prophylaxis and treatment included dietetic, pharmacological, and surgical measures and corresponded to the supposed "hidden cause" as well as observable factors. Galen's Greek texts on stroke remained an authoritative source until the early 19th century.

show abstract

Chapter 1 The history of stroke and cerebrovascular disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 126 publications

How did stroke become of interest to neurologists?

How did stroke become of interest to neurologists?

A Prospective Study of Role of Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Distribution Width as Prognostic Markers in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

Blood, Phlegm and Spirits: Galen on Stroke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About