Chapter 1. Microalgae as a Renewable and Sustainable Source of High Value Metabolites

Sijil, P. V.; Cherita, Chris; Jethani, Hitesh; Chauhan, Vikas

doi:10.1039/9781839167508-00001

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The observed elevation in the levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx suggests that both Chlorella and Schizochytrium (mixed treatment) contain bioactive substances capable of modulating the antioxidant capacity of rainbow trout (Table 3). Both algae are rich sources of antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and other carotenoids (Dineshbabu et al, 2019;Sijil et al, 2022). Through the combination of these algae, trout receive an augmented concentration of antioxidants, leading to a potential synergistic effect that enhances the sh's antioxidant capacity and overall health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

KARATAŞ

2024

Preprint

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Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry requires nutritionally well-balanced and sustainable feed alternatives. Microalgae such as Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. have attracted attention for their potential usability in fish culture due to their growth-promoting and immune-stimulating properties. This study aimed to assess the impact of these microalgae extracts on the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and gene expression related to growth, digestion, antioxidant, and immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout, each weighing an average of 8.92±0.04 g, were randomly allocated into 12 fiberglass tanks, with 15 fish per tank. The study comprised four treatments, including a control group (K) and experimental groups fed with 0.5% Chlorella (CH), 0.5% Schizochytrium (SC), and a combination of 0.25% Chlorella + 0.25% Schizochytrium (CH+SC) for 60 days. The results indicated that individual inclusion of Chlorella and Schizochytriumextracts up to 0.5% in the diet did not significantly affect growth performance and feed utilization. However, the combination of both microalgal extracts at the 0.5% level demonstrated significant improvements in all parameters. Notably, the expression level of the growth hormone (GH-I) gene was higher in the CH+SC and SC groups compared to the control group, indicating a potential impact on growth-related mechanisms. Regarding body composition, there were no significant differences in moisture, lipid, and ash among groups. However, fish fed the mixed treatment-supported diet exhibited high crude protein. Additionally, the expression of genes inducing digestive enzymes significantly increased in fish fed the mixed diet, suggesting enhanced digestive activity. Furthermore, the study revealed significant increases in the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) in all experimental groups compared to the control group, indicating an improvement in antioxidant status. Immunological assessments demonstrated significant differences in the expression of immune-related genes among treatments. Adding algal extracts to the diet positively affected the expression of immune-related genes, such as LYZII, TNF-α, and IL-1β, suggesting enhanced immune responses. This work demonstrated a mixed diet containing Chlorella and Schizochytriumextracts positively influenced the growth performance of rainbow trout while enhancing digestive activity, immune responses, and antioxidant status. These findings support a combination of 0.25% Chlorella and 0.25% Schizochytriumin supplementary feed for rainbow trout in aquaculture practices. This research contributes valuable insights toward developing optimized aquafeeds for the aquaculture industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

KARATAŞ

2024

Preprint

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Combined refractance window and far infrared radiation drying of Spirulina platensis biomass: Drying behavior, moisture and thermal diffusivity, and biochemical characterization

Jethani,

Rajoriya,

Chauhan

et al. 2024

Drying Technology

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Lipid extract of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis as a bioactive ingredient

García-Segovia,

Uribe-Wandurraga,

Igual

et al. 2024

Food sci. technol. int.

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A growing market for seaweed products has emerged in the last 20 years, with microalgae and their extracts representing a source of high-value chemicals. In this study, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of lipid fraction extract from Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella) and Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF cells) were evaluated. Treatments with Chlorella and Spirulina lipid extracts in NHDF cells at 0.1, 0.5, and 1% significantly protect UVA-induced damage by decreasing oxidative stress in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) but do not display any significant protection from HEV-induced damage. Chlorella or Spirulina lipid extracts at 0.1 and 0.5% display significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the 2-propanol-induced IL-6 expression on NHDF cells in vitro but showed no decrease in TNF-α expression. Chlorella and Spirulina lipid extracts present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity on NHDF cells.

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Chapter 1. Microalgae as a Renewable and Sustainable Source of High Value Metabolites

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

Evaluating the Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts, Individually and in Combination, on Growth Performance, Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, and Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

Combined refractance window and far infrared radiation drying of Spirulina platensis biomass: Drying behavior, moisture and thermal diffusivity, and biochemical characterization

Lipid extract of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis as a bioactive ingredient

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