Chapter 1.2 Microdialysis of glutamate and GABA in the brain: analysis and interpretation

Westerink, Ben H.C.; Rea, Kieran; Oldenziel, Weite Hendrik; Cremers, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s1569-7339(06)16002-6

Cited by 31 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…21,[24][25] Microdialysis is well-established for real time intracranial chemical monitoring. [26][27] Nevertheless, inserting the probe into brain tissue causes a penetration injury. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In response, the host tissue engulfs the probe in a glial barrier that, once formed, impairs further microdialysis sampling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Continuous Online Microdialysis Using Dexamethasone: Measurement of Dynamic Neurometabolic Changes during Spreading Depolarization

Varner

Leong

Jaquins-Gerstl

et al. 2017

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Microdialysis is well established in chemical neuroscience as a mainstay technology for real time intracranial chemical monitoring in both animal models and human patients. The capabilities of microdialysis sampling have the potential to be further enhanced through mitigation of the penetration injury unavoidably caused by the insertion of microdialysis probes into brain tissue. Herein, we show that dexamethasone retrodialysis in the rat cortex enhances the microdialysis detection of K+ and glucose transients induced by spreading depolarization. Once inserted, the probes were perfused continuously (1.67 μL/min) either with or without dexamethasone. Without dexamethasone, glucose transients were too small to reliably quantify at 5 days after probe insertion. With dexamethasone, robust K+ and glucose transients were readily quantified at 2 hrs, 5 days, and 10 days after probe insertion. Although the amplitudes of the K+ transients declined day-to-day following probe insertion, amplitudes of the glucose transients were consistent. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy confirm that dexamethasone is highly effective at preventing ischemia and gliosis in the vicinity of microdialysis probes implanted for 10 days.

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confidence: 99%

Enhancing Continuous Online Microdialysis Using Dexamethasone: Measurement of Dynamic Neurometabolic Changes during Spreading Depolarization

Varner

Leong

Jaquins-Gerstl

et al. 2017

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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“…27,28 No-net-flux (NNF) microdialysis, also referred to as zero-net-flux, is used to determine basal extracellular concentrations corrected for in vivo extraction fraction. 29−36 In the past decade, programmable infusion pumps and autoinjectors, and advanced analytical instrumenta-tion have enabled the rapid adoption of online microdialysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physiologically Relevant Changes in Serotonin Resolved by Fast Microdialysis

Yang

Thompson²,

McIntosh³

et al. 2013

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Online microdialysis is a sampling and detection method that enables continuous interrogation of extracellular molecules in freely moving subjects under behaviorally relevant conditions. A majority of recent publications using brain microdialysis in rodents report sample collection times of 20−30 min. These long sampling times are due, in part, to limitations in the detection sensitivity of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). By optimizing separation and detection conditions, we decreased the retention time of serotonin to 2.5 min and the detection threshold to 0.8 fmol. Sampling times were consequently reduced from 20 to 3 min per sample for online detection of serotonin (and dopamine) in brain dialysates using a commercial HPLC system. We developed a strategy to collect and to analyze dialysate samples continuously from two animals in tandem using the same instrument. Improvements in temporal resolution enabled elucidation of rapid changes in extracellular serotonin levels associated with mild stress and circadian rhythms. These dynamics would be difficult or impossible to differentiate using conventional microdialysis sampling rates.

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“…Microdialysis experiments were performed as previously described (Dremencov et al 2004a(Dremencov et al , 2005Westerink and Cremers 2007;Allers et al 2010;Cremers et al 2010;Bloms-Funke et al 2011;Flik et al 2011Flik et al , 2015Yamada et al 2013;Visser et al 2015). I-shaped probes (Hospal AN 69 membrane, Brainlink, Groningen, the Netherlands) were inserted in the PFC (5.0 mm dorsal from the brain surface, 4 mm exposed surface probe) or NAcc (7.9 mm dorsal from the brain surface, 1.5 mm exposed surface probe); experiments were carried out 24-48 hours after surgery.…”

Section: Microdialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow was mixed (postcolumn) with a makeup flow of 0.15 ml/minute of the mobile phase (acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid in ultrapure water with 0.1% formic acid), and directed to mass spectrometer (API 4000, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Mass spectra were determined in multi-reaction mode (MRM) for 3-7 minutes (Dremencov et al 2004a(Dremencov et al , 2005Westerink and Cremers 2007;Allers et al 2010;Cremers et al 2010;Bloms-Funke et al 2011;Flik et al 2011Flik et al , 2015Yamada et al 2013;Visser et al 2015).…”

Section: Analysis Of Monoamines Levels In Dialysatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic regulation of brain catecholamine neurotransmission: In vivo electrophysiology and microdialysis study in rats

Dremencov¹,

Lacinová²,

Flik³

et al. 2017

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Abstract. It was previously reported that adenosine-2A (A 2A ) receptors interact with dopamine-2 (D 2 ) receptors on a molecular level. The aim of the current study was to investigate the functional output of this interaction. In vivo microdialysis was used to assess the effects of an antagonist of A 2A receptors, ZM 241385, and an antagonist of D 2 receptors haloperidol, either alone or in combination, on brain catecholamine levels. It was found that ZM 241385 did not alter catecholamine levels by its own, but potentiated haloperidol-induced dopamine and norepinephrine release in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex, respectively. In vivo electrophysiology was used to assess the effect of an agonist (CGS 216820) and an antagonist (ZM 241385) of A 2A receptors on the excitability of dopamine and norepinephrine neurons. It was found that CGS 216820 dose-dependently inhibited dopamine and norepinephrine neurons and ZM 241385 reversed this inhibition. In conclusion, those A 2A receptors modulate brain catecholamine transmission, and this modulation is mediated, at least in part, via the regulation of excitability of norepinephrine and dopamine neurons. The ability of antagonists of A 2A receptors to potentiate the effect of haloperidol on brain norepinephrine and dopamine levels may enhance its clinical efficacy as an antipsychotic drug.

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Chapter 1.2 Microdialysis of glutamate and GABA in the brain: analysis and interpretation

Cited by 31 publications

References 86 publications

Enhancing Continuous Online Microdialysis Using Dexamethasone: Measurement of Dynamic Neurometabolic Changes during Spreading Depolarization

Enhancing Continuous Online Microdialysis Using Dexamethasone: Measurement of Dynamic Neurometabolic Changes during Spreading Depolarization

Physiologically Relevant Changes in Serotonin Resolved by Fast Microdialysis

Purinergic regulation of brain catecholamine neurotransmission: In vivo electrophysiology and microdialysis study in rats

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