Chapitre 44. Valorisation de plantes aromatiques et cosmétiques suivant le principe d’accès et de partage des avantages

Fonkou, Théophile; Youga, Manuela Kelly Djeuga; Mbuntcha, Hélène; Njimeli, Patrick Sonkoue; Kenfack, Carine Pamela; Kenmene, Léa Alida; Azefack, Léon Tapondjou; Nguetsop, Victor François; Womeni, Hilaire Macaire; Avana, Marie Louise; Dubourg, Caroline; Schippa, Christine; Najate, Maghnaoui; Teres, Paule; Billot, Claire; Dubois, Cécile; D'Eeckenbrugge, Géo Coppens

doi:10.4000/books.irdeditions.42174

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“…In Cameroon, numerous bioprospecting activities are being carried out to identify genetic resources with high economic potential that can be valorized under the ABS principle. Several aromatic plants have therefore been identifed and prioritized based on the requirements of industries, including E. giganteus [15][16][17][18]. Although there are intense eforts to identify potentially valuable plants, very few studies have focused on their ecology [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Echinops giganteus A. Rich. in Sub-Saharan Africa: Distribution, Ecoclimatic Niche, and Phytosociology

Sonkoué

Youga

Kenfack

et al. 2023

International Journal of Ecology

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Echinops giganteus A. Rich. is an aromatic and medicinal plant of the Asteraceae family exploited in Cameroon under the access and benefit sharing (ABS) standard. Despite its importance, little information exists on the ecology of E. giganteus. The aim of the present study was to contribute to a better understanding of its ecology for sustainable management in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Occurrence data as well as stationary ecological information were collected in the field and from different databases. Bioclimatic data were extracted from the WorldClim database and processed using DIVA-GIS and Maxent software. The Braun-Blanquet quadrat method was used for the phytosociological study. Results showed that the distribution of E. giganteus in its wild state is restricted to sub-Saharan Africa. This distribution is likely conditioned by altitude (1000 m–2600 m), light, temperature, and rainfall. The bioclimatic variables that best explained this distribution were the mean annual temperature (Bio1: 38.8%) and the precipitation of the coldest quarter (Bio19: 24.9%), and their favorable ranges were between 2°C–32°C and 300 mm–1800 mm, respectively. E. giganteus is a heliophilic plant that prefers well-drained substrates and would not have a requirement for organic matter. The floristic analysis of the E. giganteus community identified 68 plant species in 59 genera and 28 botanical families, with the most represented family being the Asteraceae (49%). The average species richness per quadrat was 8 species, dominated by herbs. Species consistent with E. giganteus were Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams and Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. Chamaephytes and Phanerophytes were dominant among the biological types, while the phytogeographic types were dominated by Pantropical species (38.23%). The most represented diaspore types and modes of dissemination were pogonochores (35.85%) and anemochores (55.38%).

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