Chaotic Signatures and Global Solar Radiation model estimate over Nigeria, a Tropical region

Abstract

Abstract. In a tropical region like Nigeria, accurate estimation and chaotic signatures of global solar radiation (Rs) are essential to the design of solar energy utilization systems in PV technology companies and one of the plant growth determinants in Agriculture. The Rs model is a function of solar declination angle, temperature difference, and relative humidity. In this paper, the daily re-analyzed atmospheric data obtained from the archive of ERA-Interim was used to estimate the nonlinear Global Solar radiation model and investigated chaotic signatures across the tropical climatic regions of Nigeria. The well-known statistical tools were used to analyze the chosen meteorological parameters and the correlation was found to be perfect, close with low values of RMSE across the selected regions over Nigeria. For proper modeling and prediction of the underlying dynamics, the extensive chaotic measures of phase space reconstruction using recurrence plots and recurrence quantification analyses are also presented, analyzed and discussed with the appropriate choice of embedded dimension, m, and time delay τ. The radiant energy from the sun is one of the most available and renewable resources across the season in a tropical region like Nigeria. The information, therefore, suggests how vital the solar irradiance can be useful in Agriculture and Photovoltaic technology companies. Based on the scarcely gauged of global solar radiation (GSR) at meteorological stations in developing countries. This demand necessitates a better understanding of the underlying dynamics for better prediction mostly by the nonlinear Global Solar radiation model estimate and chaotic signature measurement. The optimum usage of meteorological parameters such as solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature difference needs further studies, using RPs and RQA measures. However, several data such as rainfall data, geomagnetic data, ionospheric data, wind speed data etc obtained from different parts of the world have been estimated with several models and applied to RQA measures for better prediction and modeling. Using RPs and RQA, features due to external effects such as harmattan and intertropical discontinuity (ITD) on solar radiation data in this tropical region were uniquely identified. Meanwhile, the inverse characteristic behavior of solar radiation and relative humidity were vividly maintained. The results show a very low value of RMSE while the value of R2 is very closed to 1, which depicts a good prediction for all locations. However, the highest values of both SSE and RMSE, as well as the lowest value of R2 were observed in kano station, which indicates high solar irradiance location. The RPs reviewed the observed clusters points around the parallel diagonal lines with short segments, which implies the presence of chaos. Additional complex measure, the RQA also shows that the solar radiation during the dry season of the months has lower values of Lmax, determinism and entropy, and higher values during the wet season of the months.

Behind the Uniform: Police Violence and Abuse after #Endsars Protests in Nigeria (2021-2023)

“…The incessant acts of violence and abuses against innocent Nigerians continue to portray the Nigeria Police as irresponsible. Adelakun [28] aptly observed that as citizens continue to be subjected to police brutality and are not granted the justice they deserve and desire, their pain and anger toward the police and the government is continuously aggravated and the conditions for future disobedience and chaos gradually takes root. Worsening economic conditions and bleak projections for the future continue to fan the flames as the Nigerian citizenry, reeling from the weight of violence and abuse, pensively await another spark that will ignite its fury against its oppressors.…”

“…Hence, several rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Nigerian constitution such as freedom of assembly, freedom from torture, right to life, privacy, fair trial, etc continue to be subjected to abuse by the police. In Adelakun's [28] view, although the police are aware of the procedural laws of arrest and interrogation, they do not always comply with these laws in their actions. Where an attempt is made by the police to apply such laws, they are applied hastily in such a way that the victims become harassed and victimized.…”

Functional Properties of Complementary Food from Millet (Pennisetum glaucum), African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), and Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Flour Blends: A Comparative Study

“…Malting might have resulted in the production of a higher proportion of denatured proteins in form of amino acids with a lower molecular weight of about less than 10 kDa [74]. This result is a situation where smaller air bubbles are surrounded by thin and more flexible protein films (lower molecular weight) which may inhibit the coalescence of air bubbles, thereby resulting to lower FC [75,76]. However, low FC flours are desirable in food production, especially where excessive foaming is not required as it reduces loss due to foam spillage or the need for including extra steep or anti-foaming agents to check foaming [77].…”

Design and Construction of an Automatic Home and Office Power Control System

“…The electricity demand kept increasing annually (Mohammed et al, 2020;Otuoze et al, 2017) because of the increase in population growth, and the productions of new devices depending on electricity for operation. Despite the variance between demand and supply, there are reported wastages and misuse of the limited supplied electricity (Adelakun et al, 2014). Hence, there is a need to propose more ways to increase energy conservation policy in the country.…”

“…Electrical appliances, particularly lighting points are often left ON even when no one is in the room or office. Many electrical consumers in Nigeria waste the little available electrical supply with no plan for conservation (Adelakun et al, 2014). The wastages can also be attributed to the epileptic power supply which causes interruption that results in users forgetting the state of their appliances (whether they are ON or OFF).…”