Abstract:We investigate nonlinear dynamical behaviors of operational amplifiers. When the output terminal of an operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal, the circuit exhibits period-doubling bifurcation, chaos, and periodic windows, depending on the voltages of the positive and the negative power supplies. We study these nonlinear dynamical characteristics of this electronic circuit experimentally.
“…Moreover, even if the presence of the parasitic dynamics may elicit the nonlinear behavior of switching devices, thus providing nonlinear oscillations during the steady-state behavior, a qualitative modeling strategy can be integrated to the linear analysis giving a more accurate knowledge to the PCB designers. The literature reports several examples of experimental observation of unexpected chaotic oscillations in electronic devices and especially in power applications, even in simple circuit configurations [11]. Moreover, the chaotic effects discovered in the simulated model have been practically detected in AC-AC converters [12].…”
The idea of using model identification techniques in order to validate the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is proposed in this communication. With the term identification, it is intended to obtain the mathematical model of a system from input/output data. Actually, the quality requirements of PCB systems working with power devices are highly demanded by costumers of semiconductor companies. Due to the increasing market of power devices, the topic is of wide interest. In this note, a new approach is presented. It is based on both CAD techniques, used to simulate the board, and identification techniques, mainly based on linear models, to validate the board performance in the design phase. The main results regarding the analysis of the PCB design allow to establish if the PCB CAD procedures can be improved in order to elicit the parasitic effects aiming at compensating possible nonlinearity in the systems, thus providing the customers with reliable and simple models.
“…Moreover, even if the presence of the parasitic dynamics may elicit the nonlinear behavior of switching devices, thus providing nonlinear oscillations during the steady-state behavior, a qualitative modeling strategy can be integrated to the linear analysis giving a more accurate knowledge to the PCB designers. The literature reports several examples of experimental observation of unexpected chaotic oscillations in electronic devices and especially in power applications, even in simple circuit configurations [11]. Moreover, the chaotic effects discovered in the simulated model have been practically detected in AC-AC converters [12].…”
The idea of using model identification techniques in order to validate the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs) is proposed in this communication. With the term identification, it is intended to obtain the mathematical model of a system from input/output data. Actually, the quality requirements of PCB systems working with power devices are highly demanded by costumers of semiconductor companies. Due to the increasing market of power devices, the topic is of wide interest. In this note, a new approach is presented. It is based on both CAD techniques, used to simulate the board, and identification techniques, mainly based on linear models, to validate the board performance in the design phase. The main results regarding the analysis of the PCB design allow to establish if the PCB CAD procedures can be improved in order to elicit the parasitic effects aiming at compensating possible nonlinearity in the systems, thus providing the customers with reliable and simple models.
“…While it has already been shown that autonomous resistorless transistor based-circuits can deliver chaotic signals [17], to the best of our knowledge, no autonomous zero resistor chaotic circuit in the category of general purpose Op-Amp-based oscillators has been reported so far. One of such circuit, but with rather a minimal number of resistors is the experimental circuit by Yim et al with only one effective resistance [43]. It is also a four-element circuit, but exhibiting simply a chaotic signal.…”
In the framework of a project on simple circuits with unexpected high degrees of freedom, we report an autonomous microwave oscillator made of a CLC linear resonator of Colpitts type and a single general purpose operational amplifier (Op-Amp). The resonator is in a parallel coupling with the Op-Amp to build the necessary feedback loop of the oscillator. Unlike the general topology of Op-Amp-based oscillators found in the literature including almost always the presence of a negative resistance to justify the nonlinear oscillatory behavior of such circuits, our zero resistor circuit exhibits chaotic and hyperchaotic signals in GHz frequency domain, as well as many other features of complex dynamic systems, including bistability. This simplest form of Colpitts oscillator is adequate to be used as didactic model for the study of complex systems at undergraduate level. Analog and experimental results are proposed.
“…There are also many of papers about observing chaos in real systems [4,5,6,12,18,19,21,22,26,28,32,38,41,42] and about controlling chaos [3,8,8,15,25,31,39].…”
Many real phenomenona preserves the properties of chaotic dynamics. However, unambiguous determination of belonging to a group of chaotic systems is difficult and complex problem. The main purpose of this paper is to present compound method of time series classification which is basically directed to the detection of chaotic behaviors. The method has been designed for differentiation of three types of time series: chaotic, periodic and random. Our approach assumes, that more reliable information about the dynamics of the system will provide the compilation of several methods, than any individual. This paper focuses on choosing a good set of methods and analysis of their results. In our investigation, we used the following methods and indicators: time delay embedding, mutual information, saturation of system invariants, the largest Lyapunov exponent and Hurst exponent. We checked the validity of the methods applying them to three kinds of basic systems which generate chaotic, periodic and random time series. As a summary of this paper, all selected methods and indicators computed for generated times series have been summarized in the table, which gives the authors a possibility to conclude about type of observed behavior.
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