Chaos in the home and socioeconomic status are associated with cognitive development in early childhood: Environmental mediators identified in a genetic design

Petrill, Stephen A.; Pike, Alison; Price, Thomas S.; Plomin, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2004.06.010

Cited by 140 publications

(175 citation statements)

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“…This model was developed in our prior research (Petrill & Deater-Deckard, 2004;Petrill, Pike, Price, & Plomin, 2004) and is based on Neale et al (1999). In this model, the months of school variable is set to load on phonology, RAN, as well as on reading outcomes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental effects of serial naming and phonological awareness on early reading outcomes.

Petrill

Deater‐Deckard

Thompson

et al. 2006

Journal of Educational Psychology

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The current study involved 281 early-school-age twin pairs (118 monozygotic, 163 same-sex dizygotic) participating in the ongoing Western Reserve Reading Project (S. A. Petrill, K. DeaterDeckard, L. A. Thompson, & C. Schatschneider, 2006). Twins were tested in their homes by separate examiners on a battery of reading-related skills including phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, word knowledge, and phonological decoding. Results suggested that a core genetic factor accounted for a significant portion of the covariance between phonological awareness, rapid naming, and reading outcomes. However, shared environmental influences related to phonological awareness were also associated with reading skills. Keywordsreading; genetics; phonological awareness; development For nearly 2 decades, researchers have argued for the primacy of phonological processing in the acquisition of early literacy skills (Bradley & Bryant, 1983;Stanovich & Siegel, 1994;Torgesen, Wagner, Rashotte, Burgess, & Hecht, 1997). More recently, others have suggested that in addition to phonology, naming speed constitutes an independent and additive source of variance in early reading skills (e.g., Wolf & Bowers, 1999). In a recent meta-analysis, Swanson, Trainin, Necoechea, and Hammill (2003) examined the association between phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming (RAN), reading, and related abilities in a set of 49 independent samples. Although their results suggested that phonological awareness and RAN were factorially distinct, particularly in their prediction of real-world reading outcomes, phonological awareness and RAN were also significantly correlated with one another (weighted r = .39). Thus, although phonological awareness and RAN contributed independently to reading outcomes, there was also significant overlap between phonological awareness and the skills that underlie RAN performance.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Stephen A. Petrill One important issue is the extent to which genes and environments influence the overlap and independence among phonological awareness, serial naming, and reading outcomes. It is clear that genetic and environmental influences are significant when examining not only reading outcomes (e.g., Pennington & Smith, 1983;Stevenson, Graham, Fredman, & McLoughlin, 1987) but also reading-related measures such as phonological awareness Knopik, Alarcón, & DeFries, 1998;Olson, Gillis, Rack, DeFries, & Fulker, 1991) and RAN (Compton, Davis, De-Fries, Gayan, & Olson, 2001). The importance of genetic influences on reading and reading performance has been further supported by a series of independent studies that have identified and replicated quantitative trait loci for reading on the short arms of Chromosomes 2, 6, and 18 (Cardon et al., 1994;Gayan et al., 1999;Grigorenko, 2003;Grigorenko et al., 1997;Grigorenko, Wood, Meyer, & Pauls, 2000;Fagerheim et al., 1999;Fisher et al., 1999Fisher et al., , 2002. Furthermore, studies have shown that genes are primarily responsi...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and environmental effects of serial naming and phonological awareness on early reading outcomes.

Petrill

Deater‐Deckard

Thompson

et al. 2006

Journal of Educational Psychology

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“…Parents' socio-economic status and chaos in the home accounted for about 10% or less of the total variance in test scores, indicating that they mediate some of the c 2 effect, but most of that variance remained unexplained. 19 The increase in importance of genetic effects from infancy to childhood has also been demonstrated in longitudinal analyses of twin data from different research groups. 18,20 For example, in data from 2824 twins analysed using a genetic longitudinal latent g model, heritability increased from 0.17 for a composite score across ages 2, 3 and 4 years to 0.47 at age 7 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Genetics of intelligence

2006

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This article provides an overview of the biometric and molecular genetic studies of human psychometric intelligence. In the biometric research, special attention is given to the environmental and genetic contributions to specific and general cognitive ability differences, and how these differ from early childhood to old age. Special mention is also made of multivariate studies that examine the genetic correlation between intelligence test scores and their correlates such as processing speed, birth weight and brain size. After an overview of candidate gene associations with intelligence test scores, there is a discussion of whole-genome linkage and association studies, the first of which have only recently appeared.

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“…También el hacinamiento en el hogar ha estado asociado con problemas comportamentales en niños, atribuida en parte a las altas tasas de conflicto entre los residentes, la competencia por los recursos, la atención y el soporte emocional (27). Investigaciones previas han sugerido que el caos y el número de personas en el hogar están modestamente relacionados (29) y el caos en el hogar ha sido asociado con el desarrollo cognitivo (30).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Coeficiente Intelectual De Niños Escolarizados en Instituciones Públicas De Las Zonas Nororiental Y Noroccidental De Medellín Según El Nivel De Seguridad Alimentaria Del Hogar Y Condiciones Socieconómicas

et al. 2011

Rev. chil. nutr.

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INTRODUCCIÓNLa función cognitiva en la infancia se ha encontrado que se asocia de manera negativa con las pobres condiciones socioeconómicas (1), las cuales están estrechamente relacionadas con la inseguridad alimentaria (2). Los niños de familias que reportan múltiples experien- ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between school-aged children intelligence quotient and their household food security levels and socioeconomic conditions. Methodology: Cross-sectional analysis with a randomly selected group of 423 school-aged children enrolled in 41 public schools located in the northeast and northwest areas of Medellin, Colombia. The intelligence quotient (IQ) was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV). Household food security was assessed using the Latin American and Caribbean Household Food Security Scale. Results: There were significant differences (p<0,001) between children IQ in household with good food security (mean: 93.6 ± 12.7) and severe household food insecurity (mean: 87.5 ± 15.4). The lower IQ scores were explained partly by diminished household food insecurity and socioeconomic conditions. Conclusions: To live under unfavorable environmental conditions predicts children cognitive problems and these effects are bigger if the families experiencing food insecurity or hunger.

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Chaos in the home and socioeconomic status are associated with cognitive development in early childhood: Environmental mediators identified in a genetic design

Cited by 140 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic and environmental effects of serial naming and phonological awareness on early reading outcomes.

Genetic and environmental effects of serial naming and phonological awareness on early reading outcomes.

Genetics of intelligence

Coeficiente Intelectual De Niños Escolarizados en Instituciones Públicas De Las Zonas Nororiental Y Noroccidental De Medellín Según El Nivel De Seguridad Alimentaria Del Hogar Y Condiciones Socieconómicas

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