Channelized and hillslope sediment transport and the geomorphology of mountain belts

Schneider, Heinz; Schwab, Marco; Schlunegger, Fritz

doi:10.1007/s00531-008-0310-7

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2C). The topographic expression of this upper knickzone is as amphitheater-shaped escarpments with diameters of~10-km width terminating each transverse river valley (Schneider et al, 2008). Garcia and Hérail (2005) and Schildgen et al (2007) proposed that the knickzones at these elevations were initially formed in response to an enhanced surface uplift ca.…”

Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transverse rivers of the Rio Piura have been divided into different geomorphologic segments with contrasting morphometric properties and sediment transport processes (Schneider et al, 2008;Mettier et al, 2009). On the Meseta, hillslope interfluves are mantled by a N5-m-thick regolith cover with convex landforms and nearly constant curvatures.…”

Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Because of these climate contrasts, catchments in northern Peru, and particularly the Pirua drainage basin have been home to detailed geomorphic studies with the aim of detecting the landscape response to this dual climate (Schneider et al, 2008;Mettier et al, 2009). These studies converge on the general notion that landscape metrics and the limits on sediment discharge change with contrasts between the monsoonal and El Nino precipitation intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). These transverse catchments were selected because they cover the full ranges of hillslope and channel gradients and climate in the area as detailed by Schneider et al (2008) and Mettier et al (2009). Because lithologic and tectonic conditions are approximately spatially uniform within the investigated area, the observable variation of denudation rates can be attributed solely to the influence of climate variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

et al. 2010

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Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

et al. 2010

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“…Most geomorphologic studies involving tectonic activity were concentrated in regions of high uplift rates and/or high denudation rates, such as the Himalayas (Burbank et al, 2003;Wobus et al, 2003;Lague and Davy, 2003), the Andes (Tibaldy and Leon, 2000; Kamp et al, 2005;Vanacker et al, 2007), and the Alps (Schneider et al, 2008;Musumeci et al, 2002;Norton et al, 2008;Brocard Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 1096 N. Sougnez and V. Vanacker: Topographic signature of Quaternary tectonic uplift and van der Beek, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The topographic signature of Quaternary tectonic uplift in the Ardennes massif (Western Europe)

Sougnez

Vanacker

2011

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Geomorphic processes that produce and transport sediment, and incise river valleys are complex; and often difficult to quantify over longer timescales of 10 3 to 10 5 y. Morphometric indices that describe the topography of hill slopes, valleys and river channels have commonly been used to compare morphological characteristics between catchments and to relate them to hydrological and erosion processes. This study aims to analyze the link between tectonic uplift rates and landscape morphology based on slope and channel morphometric indexes. To achieve this objective, we selected 10 catchments of about 150 to 250 km 2 across the Ardennes Massif (a Palaeozoic massif of NW Europe, principally located in Belgium) that cover various tectonic domains with uplift rates ranging from about 0.06 to 0.20 mm yr −1 since mid-Pleistocene times. The morphometric analysis indicates that the slope and channel morphology of third-order catchments is not yet in topographic steady-state, and exhibits clear convexities in slope and river profiles. Our analysis indicates that the fluvial system is the main driver of topographic evolution and that the spatial pattern of uplift rates is reflected in the distribution of channel steepness and convexity. The spatial variation that we observe in slope and channel morphology between the 10 third-order catchments suggests that the response of the fluvial system was strongly diachronic, and that a transient signal of adjustment is migrating from the Meuse valley towards the Ardennian headwaters.

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Erosion rates and mechanisms of knickzone retreat inferred from ¹⁰Be measured across strong climate gradients on the northern and central Andes Western Escarpment

Abbühl

Norton

Jansen

et al. 2011

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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A steep escarpment edge, deep gorges and distinct knickzones in river profiles characterize the landscape on the Western Escarpment of the Andes between~5°S and~18°S (northern Peru to northern Chile). Strong north-south and east-west precipitation gradients are exploited in order to determine how climate affects denudation rates in three river basins spanning an otherwise relatively uniform geologic and geomorphologic setting. Late Miocene tectonics uplifted the Meseta/Altiplano plateau (~3000 m a.s.l.), which is underlain by a series of Tertiary volcanic-volcanoclastic rocks. Streams on this plateau remain graded to the Late Miocene base level. Below the rim of the Meseta, streams have responded to this ramp uplift by incising deeply into fractured Mesozoic rocks via a series of steep, headward retreating knickzones that grade to the present-day base level defined by the Pacific Ocean.It is found that the Tertiary units on the plateau function as cap-rocks, which aid in the parallel retreat of the sharp escarpment edge and upper knickzone tips. 10Be-derived catchment denudation rates of the Rio Piura (5°S), Rio Pisco (13°S) and Rio Lluta (18°S) average~10 mm ky −1 on the Meseta/Altiplano, irrespective of precipitation rates; whereas, downstream of the escarpment edge, denudation rates range from 10 mm ky −1 to 250 mm ky −1 and correlate positively with precipitation rates, but show no strong correlation with hillslope angles or channel steepness. These relationships are explained by the presence of a cap-rock and climatedriven fluvial incision that steepens hillslopes to near-threshold conditions.Since escarpment retreat and the precipitation pattern were established at least in the Miocene, it is speculated that the present-day distribution of morphology and denudation rates has probably remained largely unchanged during the past several millions of years as the knickzones have propagated headward into the plateau.

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Channelized and hillslope sediment transport and the geomorphology of mountain belts

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

The topographic signature of Quaternary tectonic uplift in the Ardennes massif (Western Europe)

Erosion rates and mechanisms of knickzone retreat inferred from ¹⁰Be measured across strong climate gradients on the northern and central Andes Western Escarpment

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Channelized and hillslope sediment transport and the geomorphology of mountain belts

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

El Niño forcing on 10Be-based surface denudation rates in the northwestern Peruvian Andes?

The topographic signature of Quaternary tectonic uplift in the Ardennes massif (Western Europe)

Erosion rates and mechanisms of knickzone retreat inferred from 10Be measured across strong climate gradients on the northern and central Andes Western Escarpment

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Product

Resources

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Erosion rates and mechanisms of knickzone retreat inferred from ¹⁰Be measured across strong climate gradients on the northern and central Andes Western Escarpment