Channel quality estimation metrics in cognitive radio networks: a survey

Multi-Attributes, Utility-Based, Channel Quality Ranking Mechanism for Cognitive Radio Networks

“…Clearly, the smaller the BER, the more reliable the communication system is. To measure the BER, several techniques have been proposed [33]. For instance, the authors of [34] have proposed a technique that measures the BER in the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel using as few as 32 pilot samples to estimate the BER with an error of 0.00066.…”

Performance evaluation of combining SMT‐ETX metric with POS scheme for implementing multilayer multicast mobile ad hoc network (MANET) CRN

“…The heuristic process is applied to fix the optimisation issue in polynomial time after expressing it as MILP in order to realise execution nearby to optimal resolution. Various appreciation technologies for channel quality in CR network are introduced in [31]. Multi‐hop and cooperative relaying mechanisms are joined together in CRN to enhance the behaviour of the network as proposed in [32].…”

Techniques for extending unicast CR networks to multi‐source multi‐destination over Rayleigh fading channels

“…In the past decade, the number of wireless portable gadgets and wireless services has increased. Consequently, the demand for radio spectrum resources has risen, driving a dearth of spectrum [1]. Moreover, as per statistics by the Federal Communications Commission, 70% of the exclusively allotted spectrum bands in the United States and other nations have not been consumed properly [2].…”

“…Moreover, as per statistics by the Federal Communications Commission, 70% of the exclusively allotted spectrum bands in the United States and other nations have not been consumed properly [2]. One means of addressing the spectrum dearth issue is to hunt for more effectual spectrum management tactics [1]. Thus, the cognitive radio (CR) mechanism was recommended to offer a solution on the spectrum paucity as a natural resource on one hand, and inadequate consumption of spectrum on the other hand [2].…”