Channel polaritons

Новиков, И. В.; Maradudin, A. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.66.035403

Cited by 209 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…CPPs were theoretically suggested by Maradudin and coworkers 6 and subsequently studied in the visible regime. 3,7 Recently, CPPs have been experimentally investigated at telecom wavelengths, 8 displaying strong confinement, low damping, and robustness against channel bending.…”

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confidence: 99%

Channel plasmon-polaritons: modal shape, dispersion, and losses

et al. 2006

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We theoretically study channel plasmon-polaritons (CPPs) with a geometry similar to that in recent experiments at telecom wavelengths (Bozhevolnyi et al., Nature 440, 508 (2006)). The CPP modal shape, dispersion relation, and losses are simulated using the multiple multipole method and the finite difference time domain technique. It is shown that, with the increase of the wavelength, the fundamental CPP mode shifts progressively towards the groove opening, ceasing to be guided at the groove bottom and becoming hybridized with wedge plasmon-polaritons running along the groove edges. c 2018 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 240.6680, 130.2790, 260.3910.The guiding of light within a subwavelength cross section has been recently attracting a great deal of attention due to ever increasing demands for miniaturization of photonic circuits. Light may be confined in the direction perpendicular to a flat metallic surface for energies below the metal plasma frequency. The mode guided along the metallic interface is known as surface plasmonpolariton (SPP). Various geometries have been proposed to achieve confinement of the plasmon-polariton in the plane transverse to the propagation direction.1-5 Among these proposals, the plasmon-polariton guided by a Vshaped groove carved in a metal (channel plasmonpolariton, CPP) is particularly interesting. CPPs were theoretically suggested by Maradudin and coworkers 6 and subsequently studied in the visible regime.3, 7 Recently, CPPs have been experimentally investigated at telecom wavelengths, 8 displaying strong confinement, low damping, and robustness against channel bending. Thank to these properties, prototypes of basic devices could be demonstrated.9 The mentioned devices have been developed with the help of the effective index approximation but, to our knowledge, no rigorous electrodynamic computation of CPPs at telecom wavelengths has been reported. The effective index approximation can deliver information about the dispersion relation, but it is expected to be inaccurate for frequencies close to the mode cutoff and is unable to determine modal shape and polarization. The functionality of many devices relies on the overlapping of electromagnetic fields at various sites inside the device. For this reason the knowledge of the modal shape is essential to provide a solid foundation for the design of CPP-based devices. Here we present rigorous simulations of guided CPPs aimed to elucidate their characteristics at telecom wavelengths, including full vectorial modes, dispersion, and losses. We show that, contrary to what is commonly believed, CPPs at telecom wavelengths are not guided at the groove bottom, at least for the groove parameters used in the experiments.8, 9 Instead, the CPP field at the groove entrance hybridizes with wedge plasmon-polaritons (WPPs) running along the edges of the groove.Our goal is to understand the fundamental CPP mode guided by realistic grooves at telecom wavelengths.8 Nevertheless, in order to comprehend the behavior in this regime, which is clos...

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confidence: 99%

Channel plasmon-polaritons: modal shape, dispersion, and losses

et al. 2006

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“…Such structures include metal nano-strips [4][5][6], nano-rods [3,7], nano-chains [1, 2,8], wedges [9][10][11], grooves [12][13][14][15][16], etc. For example, plasmonic waveguides made in the form of a metallic V-groove are characterised by a unique combination of strong subwavelength localization and relatively low dissipation [13,14], single-mode operation [14], possibility of nearly 100% transmission through sharp bends [15], and high tolerance to structural imperfections [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Two-dimensionally localized modes of a nanoscale gap plasmon waveguide

Pile

Ogawa

Gramotnev

et al. 2005

Applied Physics Letters

289

149

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We report numerical analysis and experimental observation of two-dimensionally localized plasmonic modes guided by a nano-gap in a thin metal film. Dispersion, dissipation and field structure of these modes are analyzed using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. The experimental observation is conducted by the end-fire excitation of the proposed gap plasmon waveguides and detection of the generated modes using their edge scattering and CCD camera imaging. Physical interpretation of the obtained results is presented and origins of the described modes are discussed.

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“…The properties arising from their hybrid nature ͑e.g., shorter wavelength͒ can be exploited to overcome the diffraction limit and to squeeze light in submicrometric optoelectronic devices 3,4 SPPs that are laterally confined in subwavelength structures ͑e.g., in metal slits or gaps͒ are called channel plasmon polaritons ͑CPPs͒. [5][6][7] As a consequence of the confinement, CPPs present a shorter propagation length than SPPs excited in similar conditions. 6 However, the simultaneous confluence of strong confinement and a propagation loss sufficiently low for practical applications has been long out of reach.…”

Section: Excitation Of Fluorescent Nanoparticles By Channel Plasmon Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation of fluorescent nanoparticles by channel plasmon polaritons propagating in V-grooves

Fernández-Cuesta

Nielsen

Boltasseva

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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Recently, it has been proven that light can be squeezed into metallic channels with subwavelength lateral dimensions. Here, we present the study of the propagation of channel plasmon polaritons confined in gold V-grooves, filled with fluorescent particles. In this way, channel plasmon polaritons propagating in nonempty V-grooves can be characterized, as the propagation track can be directly visualized in the microscope. We have found that beads with subwavelength diameters act as frequency converters for the propagating channel modes, resulting in larger propagation lengths. For micrometric-diameter beads, we show the possibility of individual excitation, what may have applications to develop very sensitive biosensors.

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Channel polaritons

Cited by 209 publications

References 7 publications

Channel plasmon-polaritons: modal shape, dispersion, and losses

Channel plasmon-polaritons: modal shape, dispersion, and losses

Two-dimensionally localized modes of a nanoscale gap plasmon waveguide

Excitation of fluorescent nanoparticles by channel plasmon polaritons propagating in V-grooves

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