Changing Trends of Incidence and Prognosis of Thyroid Carcinoma in Lower Franconia, Germany, from 1981–1995

Farahati, Jamshid; Geling, M.; Mäder, Uwe; Mörtl, M.; Luster, Markus; Müller, Justus; Flentje, M.; Reiners, Christoph

doi:10.1089/105072504322880382

Cited by 90 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The histological distribution of thyroid cancer in the present series was similar to that reported in iodine-sufficient areas, with a higher proportion of papillary thyroid cancer (76% over overall thyroid carcinomas). It represents the same pattern that was reported in the USA (Hundahl et al, 1998;Scheiden et al, 2006;Schlumberger et al, 2008) and some European countries (Blanco Carrera et al, 2005;Farahati et al, 2004;Sant et al 2003;Scheiden et al, 2006). Likewise, in our series the ratio papillary/follicular was high, which is the predominant pattern reported in the Western world (Sant et al, 2003;Teppo & Hakulinen, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An Epidemiological Analysis of Thyroid Cancer in a Spanish Population: Presentation, Incidence and Survival

Rego-Iraeta¹,

Pérez-Méndez²,

García‐Mayor³

2012

Updates in the Understanding and Management of Thyroid Cancer

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An Epidemiological Analysis of Thyroid Cancer in a Spanish Population: Presentation, Incidence and Survival

Rego-Iraeta¹,

Pérez-Méndez²,

García‐Mayor³

2012

Updates in the Understanding and Management of Thyroid Cancer

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“…Chronic iodine deficiency has been associated with increased risk of follicular and anaplastic carcinoma, whereas iodine excess increased risk of papillary and decreased risk of follicular carcinoma (30)(31)(32). Several studies conducted in areas with previous iodine deficiency have reported a progressive increase in the ratio of papillary to follicular carcinoma after iodine prophylaxis (25,(33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Thyroid Cancer Incidence Trend In Sao Paulo and Seermentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Cancer Incidence Patterns in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and the U.S. SEER Program, 1997–2008

Veiga

Neta

Aschebrook‐Kilfoy

et al. 2013

Thyroid

113

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Background: Thyroid cancer incidence has risen steadily over the last few decades in most of the developed world, but information on incidence trends in developing countries is limited. Sao Paulo, Brazil, has one of the highest rates of thyroid cancer worldwide, higher than in the United States. We examined thyroid cancer incidence patterns using data from the Sao Paulo Cancer Registry (SPCR) in Brazil and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) program in the United States. Methods: Data on thyroid cancer cases diagnosed during 1997-2008 were obtained from SPCR (n = 15,892) and SEER (n = 42,717). Age-adjusted and age-specific rates were calculated by sex and histology and temporal patterns were compared between the two populations. Results: Overall incidence rates increased over time in both populations and were higher in Sao Paulo than in the United States among females (SPCR/SEER incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.65) and males (IRR = 1.23). Papillary was the most common histology in both populations, followed by follicular and medullary carcinomas. Incidence rates by histology were consistently higher in Sao Paulo than in the United States, with the greatest differences for follicular (IRR = 2.44) and medullary (IRR = 3.29) carcinomas among females. The overall female/male IRR was higher in Sao Paulo (IRR = 4.17) than in SEER (IRR = 3.10) and did not change over time. Papillary rates rose over time more rapidly in Sao Paulo (annual percentage change = 10.3% among females and 9.6% among males) than in the United States (6.9% and 5.7%, respectively). Regardless of sex, rates rose faster among younger people (<50 years) in Sao Paulo, but among older people ( ‡50 years) in the United States. The papillary to follicular carcinoma ratio rose from < 3 to > 8 among both Sao Paulo males and females, in contrast to increases from 9 to 12 and from 6 to 7 among U.S.males and females, respectively. Conclusions: Increased diagnostic activity may be contributing to the notable rise in incidence, mainly for papillary type, in both populations, but it is not likely to be the only reason. Differences in iodine nutrition status between Sao Paulo and the U.S. SEER population might have affected the observed incidence patterns.

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“…It has been hypothesized that iodine deficiency causes a high incidence of follicular tumors and that iodine supplementation shifts the distribution towards papillary tumors, as observed in Switzerland (70), Germany (77) and in Austria (78) (figure 1).…”

Section: Iodine Intake and Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of iodine intake as a reputed predisposing factor for thyroid cancer

Knobel

Medeiros‐Neto

2007

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Iodine is a trace element that is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Both chronic iodine deficiency and iodine excess have been associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of follicular cells, attributed to excessive secretion of TSH. This may be associated to thyroid cancer risk, particularly in women. Experimental studies have documented thyroid cancer induction by elevation of endogenous TSH, although in a small number of animals. Iodine deficiency associated with carcinogenic agents and chemical mutagens will result in a higher incidence of thyroid malignancy. Inadequate low iodine intake will result in increased TSH stimulation, increased thyroid cell responsiveness to TSH, increased thyroid cell EGF-induced proliferation, decreased TGFβ 1 production and increased angiogenesis, all phenomena related to promotion of tumor growth. Epidemiological studies associating iodine intake and thyroid cancer led to controversial and conflicting results. There is no doubt that introduction of universal iodine prophylaxis in population previously in chronic iodine-deficiency leads to a changing pattern of more prevalent papillary thyroid cancer and declining of follicular thyroid cancer. Also anaplastic thyroid cancer is practically not seen after years of iodine supplementation. Iodine excess has also been indicated as a possible nutritional factor in the prevalence of differentiated thyroid cancer in Iceland, Hawaii and, more recently, in China. In conclusion: available evidence from animal experiments, epidemiological studies and iodine prophylaxis has demonstrated a shift towards a rise in papillary carcinoma, but no clear relationship between overall thyroid cancer incidence and iodine intake.

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Changing Trends of Incidence and Prognosis of Thyroid Carcinoma in Lower Franconia, Germany, from 1981–1995

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

An Epidemiological Analysis of Thyroid Cancer in a Spanish Population: Presentation, Incidence and Survival

An Epidemiological Analysis of Thyroid Cancer in a Spanish Population: Presentation, Incidence and Survival

Thyroid Cancer Incidence Patterns in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and the U.S. SEER Program, 1997–2008

Relevance of iodine intake as a reputed predisposing factor for thyroid cancer

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