Changing the oxygen reaction mechanism in composite electrodes by the addition of ionic- or ambipolar-conducting phases: Series or parallel pathways

A new layered barium cobaltite electrode for protonic ceramic cells

“…, below 700 °C) may exclusively rely on its surface, as previously established for other cobaltite compounds with oxygen-ion diffusion limitations. 35–38…”

“…In such a scenario, the electrocatalytic activity of BCO as an electrode material for operating at the intermediate temperature range (e.g., below 700 °C) may exclusively rely on its surface, as previously established for other cobaltite compounds with oxygen-ion diffusion limitations. [35][36][37][38] In line with the assumption that the surface characteristics of the BCO compound may have critical importance for the oxygen reduction/evolution electrode reactions, we performed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements (Fig. 3 and Table 2), aiming to investigate the cobalt and oxygen surface properties.…”