Changing seas in the late Miocene Northern Aegean: A Paratethyan approach to Mediterranean basin evolution

Krijgsman, Wout; Palcu, Dan V.; Andreetto, Federico; Stoica, Marius; Mandić, Oleg

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103386

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Paratethys paleogeography has been the subject of intense research in recent decades resulting in local paleogeographic maps 9 , 72 – 74 , tectonic reconstructions 75 and regional paleogeographic maps 4 , 15 . Popov et al 6 , 8 , 20 , 76 recompiled and refined local maps in a series of paleogeographic and paleo-facies maps for the Paratethys region, supplemented by shoreline reconstructions for platform regions of southern Russia and Ukraine 7 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These Paratethys paleogeographic reconstructions are complemented by paleogeographic data from a range of regional studies of northern Europe 77 , western Europe 78 , Alps and Central Europe 79 , Pannonian basin 80 , Gibraltar region 1 , 2 , Aegean Sea 4 , Marmara Sea paleobathymetry 81 , 82 , Mediterranean paleobathymetry and paleotopography 5 and a Middle East tectonic map 83 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the west it was separated from Africa by an archipelago 1 , 2 . To the south the Anatolian—Balkan landmass was splitting apart, giving way to lakes that would become the modern Aegean Sea 3 , 4 , while the landmasses of modern Italy were scattered in a cluster of islands in the central Mediterranean Sea 5 , 6 . However, the most striking feature was the Paratethys—a water body the size of the Mediterranean that stretched between the Eastern Alps and modern Kazakhstan 6 , 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Miocene megalake regressions in Eurasia

Palcu

Patina

Şandric

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The largest megalake in the geological record formed in Eurasia during the late Miocene, when the epicontinental Paratethys Sea became tectonically-trapped and disconnected from the global ocean. The megalake was characterized by several episodes of hydrological instability and partial desiccation, but the chronology, magnitude and impacts of these paleoenvironmental crises are poorly known. Our integrated stratigraphic study shows that the main desiccation episodes occurred between 9.75 and 7.65 million years ago. We identify four major regressions that correlate with aridification events, vegetation changes and faunal turnovers in large parts of Europe. Our paleogeographic reconstructions reveal that the Paratethys was profoundly transformed during regression episodes, losing ~ 1/3 of the water volume and ~ 70% of its surface during the most extreme events. The remaining water was stored in a central salt-lake and peripheral desalinated basins while vast regions (up to 1.75 million km2) became emergent land, suitable for development of forest-steppe landscapes. The partial megalake desiccations match with climate, food-web and landscape changes throughout Eurasia, although the exact triggers and mechanisms remain to be resolved.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Miocene megalake regressions in Eurasia

Palcu

Patina

Şandric

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…in Bulgaria (Gaussen et al., 1993; Horvat et al., 1974). The establishment of the eastern Paratethys gate between the Balkan and the Anatolian–Taurus platform between 12 and 11 Ma (Steininger & Rӧgl, 1984), and 6 Mya (Krijgsman et al, 2020) could have strongly impacted the evolution of Alpiscorpius . The extensional tectonics deeply fractured of the central continental part of the former continuous landmass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden diversity, ancient divergences, and tentative Pleistocene microrefugia of European scorpions (Euscorpiidae: Euscorpiinae) in the eastern Adriatic region

Podnar

Grbac

Tvrtković

et al. 2021

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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The systematics and taxonomy of the scorpion family Euscorpiidae are still unresolved, and, within it, the eastern Adriatic scorpiofauna is largely unknown and under‐researched. Based on two mitochondrial sequences (COI and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear marker sequence (ITS1), we put 107 newly analyzed samples originating from the Alps, the Eastern Adriatic, and the adjacent Dinaric karst area into phylogenetic context. Several species delineation approaches were applied to reveal cryptic diversity. Divergence time dating was used to highlight the major events in the evolutionary history of the genera Euscorpius and Alpiscorpius. The deep intraspecific genetic divergences observed in some clades warrant taxonomic revision of several taxa (Euscorpius tergestinus, Euscorpius hadzii, Euscorpius biokovensis, and Euscorpius (Alpiscorpius) croaticus). In this study, the population of E. hadzii from Lastovo Island (formerly Euscorpius carpaticus lagostae) is elevated to species level as Euscorpius lagostae Di Caporiacco, 1950, stat. nov. Euscorpius croaticus is moved to the genus Alpiscorpius as Alpiscorpius croaticus (Di Caporiacco, 1950) comb. nov. The distribution ranges of several species are revised, and based on the new data, a more detailed revision of species distribution is necessary. We attribute the major divergence events to the impact of the Middle Miocene Climate Transition, the Messinian Salinity Crisis, and the Middle Pleistocene Climate Transition. The observed patterns are therefore a direct consequence of the geological history and complex topography of the region, which provided numerous microhabitats, as well as of the Pleistocene microrefugia that enabled their persistence.

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“…As paleogeographic reconstructions [17,108,109,168] have shown, the Paratethys and its predecessor the Proto-Paratethys have become connected with the Mediterranean Sea many times and in many places. At the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, when the Paratethys was beginning to become isolated, the two seas were separated by only a chain of islands, and aquatic organisms could disperse through numerous straits between them during this period (Proto-Paratethys Sea: [108,109]).…”

Section: The Routes Of the Spread Of Cold-water Species From The Paratethys To The Mediterranean Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh- and Brackish-Water Cold-Tolerant Species of Southern Europe: Migrants from the Paratethys That Colonized the Arctic

Артамонова

Bolotov

Vinarski

et al. 2021

Water

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Analysis of zoogeographic, paleogeographic, and molecular data has shown that the ancestors of many fresh- and brackish-water cold-tolerant hydrobionts of the Mediterranean region and the Danube River basin likely originated in East Asia or Central Asia. The fish genera Gasterosteus, Hucho, Oxynoemacheilus, Salmo, and Schizothorax are examples of these groups among vertebrates, and the genera Magnibursatus (Trematoda), Margaritifera, Potomida, Microcondylaea, Leguminaia, Unio (Mollusca), and Phagocata (Planaria), among invertebrates. There is reason to believe that their ancestors spread to Europe through the Paratethys (or the proto-Paratethys basin that preceded it), where intense speciation took place and new genera of aquatic organisms arose. Some of the forms that originated in the Paratethys colonized the Mediterranean, and overwhelming data indicate that representatives of the genera Salmo, Caspiomyzon, and Ecrobia migrated during the Miocene from the region of the modern Caspian through the Araks Strait, which existed at that time. From the Ponto-Caspian and the Mediterranean regions, noble salmon, three-spined stickleback, European pearl mussel, seals, and mollusks of the genus Ecrobia spread to the Atlantic Ocean and colonized the Subarctic and Arctic regions of Europe and North America. Our study indicates that the area of the former Paratethys retains its significance as a center of origin of new species and genera and that it has been the starting point of migration “corridors” up to the present time.

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Changing seas in the late Miocene Northern Aegean: A Paratethyan approach to Mediterranean basin evolution

Cited by 22 publications

References 70 publications

Late Miocene megalake regressions in Eurasia

Late Miocene megalake regressions in Eurasia

Hidden diversity, ancient divergences, and tentative Pleistocene microrefugia of European scorpions (Euscorpiidae: Euscorpiinae) in the eastern Adriatic region

Fresh- and Brackish-Water Cold-Tolerant Species of Southern Europe: Migrants from the Paratethys That Colonized the Arctic

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