Changing profile and increasing antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic bacteria in Madagascar

Rasamiravaka, Tsiry; Sheila, H.S.L. Shaista; Rakotomavojaona, T.; Rakoto-Alson, A.O.; Rasamindrakotroka, A.

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.006

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…On the other hand, low levels of resistances were detected to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid as compared with the previous reports from Ethiopia [1, 7, 18, 28], Nigeria [36], Ghana [24] and Tanzania [27, 37]. The low level of resistance observed for these drugs might be related to the relative inaccessibility and the high prices compared to other antimicrobial drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Urinary pathogenic bacterial profile, antibiogram of isolates and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Ambo town, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Gessese

Damessa²,

Amare

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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BackgroundUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a well-known bacterial infection posing serious health problem in pregnant women. A study was conducted in pregnant women with the objectives of estimating prevalence of UTI, determining antibiogram of the bacterial isolates and assessment of the potential risk factors associated with UTI.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used to collect 300 mid-stream urine samples from pregnant women from March 2016 to December, 2016. Samples were inoculated into Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient medium (CLED). Colonies from CLED were subcultured onto MacConkey and Blood agar plates. A standard agar disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. Chi-square (X 2 ) test & logistic regression were used to show associations between UTI and explanatory variables & identify the predictors of UTI, respectively.ResultsThe age of pregnant women enrolled in this study ranges from 16 to 46 years (mean ± standard deviation = 25 ± 4.7 years).The overall prevalence of UTI in pregnant women was 18.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.4–23.54%).The prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic UTI was 20.4% (95% CI: 13.09–29.46%) and 17.8% (95% CI: 12.70–23.83%) respectively. The predominant bacteria identified were E. coli (46.4%), S. aureus (14.3%), coagulase negative Staphylococci [CoNS] (14.3%) and Proteus species (10.6%). Majority of Gram-negative bacteria isolates were resistant to ampicillin (70%), ceftriaxon (66%), gentamicin (68%) and nitrofurantoin (64%) while 75–100% of the Gram positive isolates were resistance to ampicillin. Multiple drug resistance was observed in all of the isolates. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the odds of acquiring UTI was 4.78 times higher in pregnant women earning monthly income of ≤500 Ethiopian Birr (21.18 USD) as compared to those earning monthly income >2001 Ethiopian Birr [84.79 USD] (P = 0.046). Similarly, the risk of UTI was higher in those who eat raw meat (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.83, P = 0.026) and had previous UTI history (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.15–4.56, P = 0.019) as compared to those who eat cooked meat and had no previous history of UTI.ConclusionsThe prevalence & antimicrobial resistance of uropathogens was high. Health education, continuous surveillance of UTI and their antimicrobial resistance pattern are essential to reduce the consequence of symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria and multi-drug resistant bacteria in pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Urinary pathogenic bacterial profile, antibiogram of isolates and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Ambo town, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Gessese

Damessa²,

Amare

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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“…was 3.3% and was high for lincomycin (90.0%) (15). In 2011–2013, one E. faecalis resistant to vancomycin (5.6%) was isolated during an uropathogenic survey (17). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among strains collected between 2006 and 2009, 92.5% were resistant to imipenem and 94.3% to ceftazidime (31). No resistance to carbapenems was reported among ten uropathogenic isolates in community (2011–2013) (17), but this restricted sample could not reflect the epidemiological situation. The dissemination of multidrug-resistant OXA-23-producing A. baumannii in hospitals of Antananarivo (31) could emphasize issues regarding failures of infection control in hospitals (15).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Madagascar, first CPE was reported in a community survey of uropathogens implemented in 2011–2013 (17). Imipenem rate of resistance was 40.0% for K. pneumoniae , 15.0% for E. cloacae , and 2.3% for E. coli (17).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imipenem rate of resistance was 40.0% for K. pneumoniae , 15.0% for E. cloacae , and 2.3% for E. coli (17). The reduced sample size for this study could not reflect global resistances patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission: A Human and Animal Health Issue

Belmonte

Collard

Halifa³

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to human, animal health, and environment worldwide. For human, transmission occurred through a variety of routes both in health-care settings and community. In animals, AMR was reported in livestock, pets, and wildlife; transmission of AMR can be zoonotic with the probably most important route being foodborne transmission. The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), composed of Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion (France), and Seychelles recognized the surveillance of AMR in both animal and human as a main public health priority for the region. Mayotte, French overseas territory, located in Comoros archipelago, was also included in this review. This review summarized our best epidemiological knowledge regarding AMR in Indian Ocean. We documented the prevalence, and phenotypic and genotypic profiles of prone to resistance Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria both in animals and humans. Our review clearly pointed out extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as main human and animal health issue in IOC. However, publications on AMR are scarce, particularly in Comoros, Mayotte, and Seychelles. Thus, research and surveillance priorities were recommended (i) estimating the volume of antimicrobial drugs used in livestock and human medicine in the different territories [mainly third generation cephalosporin (3GC)]; (ii) developing a “One Health” surveillance approach with epidemiological indicators as zoonotic foodborne pathogen (i.e., couple Escherichia coli resistance to 3GC/carbapenems); (iii) screening travelers with a history of hospitalization and consumption of antibiotic drug returning from at risk areas (e.g., mcr-1 transmission with China or hajj pilgrims) allowing an early warning detection of the emergence for quick control measures implementation in IOC.

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Review and mapping of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Africa: Using diverse data to inform surveillance gaps

Mitgang

Hartley

Malchione

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Changing profile and increasing antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic bacteria in Madagascar

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Urinary pathogenic bacterial profile, antibiogram of isolates and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Ambo town, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Urinary pathogenic bacterial profile, antibiogram of isolates and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Ambo town, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Review of Antibiotic Resistance in the Indian Ocean Commission: A Human and Animal Health Issue

Review and mapping of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Africa: Using diverse data to inform surveillance gaps

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