Changing patterns of thyroid carcinoma

Dijkstra, B.; Prichard, Ruth; Lee, A.; Kelly, Louise; Smyth, P. P. A.; Crotty, Thomas B.; McDermott, Enda; Hill, Arnold D.; O’Higgins, N. J.

doi:10.1007/s11845-007-0041-y

Cited by 59 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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Section: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (Undiferentiated Thyroid Cancer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It usually involves patients in their sixth or seventh decade of life and has a median survival of 5 months and less than 20% of patients are alive 1 year after diagnosis. Geographical prevalence of ATC has a wide range from 1.3 to 9.8% [94][95][96].ATC is considered to be originally derived from follicular cells resulted from dediferentiation. About 80% of ATC presents in patients with long-standing goiter, which is possibly in the seting of an undiagnosed well-diferentiated thyroid cancer [95].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Khosravi¹,

Kouhi²,

Saeedi³

et al. 2017

Diagnosis and Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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Rapidly increasing trend of thyroid cancer incidence has turned this disease into a global concern. An estimated number of 64,300 new cases of thyroid cancer occurred in men and women in 2016, which represents 3.8% of all new cancer cases of USA (htps://seer. cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html). Thus, there is a high possibility for every physician to encounter a case of thyroid cancer during his/her professional lifetime. In this chapter, we clariied epidemiology, diferent categories, and new approaches toward diagnosis and management of thyroid cancer.Keywords: thyroid cancer, epidemiology, diferentiated thyroid cancer, undiferentiated thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule Detailed epidemiology of thyroid cancerAs the most common endocrine cancer and ifth most common cancer in women, thyroid cancer includes approximately 1-1.5% of all new cases of cancer diagnosed annually in the USA based on previous data [1][2][3]. Thyroid cancer is more prevalent among women and those with positive family history of thyroid disease. Some prior studies have reported a worldwide increasing trend for thyroid cancer incidence in recent decades [4]. Annual percent change (APC) is a commonly used indicator for the assessment of changes in incidence. Based on US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, it has been reported 2.4% from 1980 to 1997 and 6.6% from 1997 to 2009 in both genders for thyroid cancer (data available at htp://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/thyro.html).© 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.According to [2009][2010][2011][2012][2013] data, the rate of new cases of thyroid cancer was 13.9 per 100,000 men and women per year (Figure 1). Table 1 summarizes number of new cases per 100,000 persons by race/ethnicity and sex. A recently published study on adolescent cancer incidence during 1975-2012 has reported a 2.12% increase for females and 1.59% for males between 15 and 19 years of age [5]. However, there is a study indicating that thyroid cancer incidence trend has slowed following release of American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline in 2009 [6, 7]. It has been reported that overall thyroid cancer incidence had an increasing trend about 8% per year from 2000 to 2009. But APC showed a deceleration about 3% in men and 2.8% in women, which was conined to tumors less than 2.9 cm of size for women [7].Also, thyroid cancer-related mortality was estimated to consist 0.3% of all cancer-related deaths in 2016. A 5-year survival rate of 98.1% has been reported for thyroid cancer. Despite increasing trend of incidence, thyroid cancer mortality has a relatively stable rate about 0.5 cases per 100,000 persons both from 1973 to 2002 and 2009 to 2013 [8, 9].In conclusion, it seems that thyroid cancer has been following an ...

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Section: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (Undiferentiated Thyroid Cancer)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Khosravi¹,

Kouhi²,

Saeedi³

et al. 2017

Diagnosis and Management of Head and Neck Cancer

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“…La causa posible de un fenómeno así nos hace analizar si nuestra población está expuesta a mayores factores de riesgo conocidos para el carcinoma de tiroides 5,9 . Algunos autores han especulado que esto podría estar causado por una mayor exposición a carcinógenos ambientales como radiación o a una alta o excesiva ingesta de yodo, hecho real en Chile 14,15 pero no hay pruebas de ello 5,16 . Con respecto a la radiación, en la actualidad su uso terapéutico se reserva para un número reducido de patologías malignas (su uso en patologías benignas está en desuso), sin embargo, su uso con fines diagnósti-cos ha ido en aumento lo que pudiera asociarse a aumento del cáncer de tiroides en los próximos años, especialmente, en la población pediátrica expuesta; lo que debe alertar al equipo médico a tomar todas las medidas necesarias para reducir la exposición a radiación en niños 16 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Del macro al microcarcinoma tiroideo: cambios en las características de presentación del cáncer de tiroides en un centro universitario chileno en 20 años

et al. 2013

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“…In fact, iodine deficiency is associated with an increased risk of FTC, whereas chronically high iodine intake may increase the risk of PTC (Knobel & Medeiros-Neto 2007). Biographical data, tumor characteristics, and treatment and outcome for 190 patients with DTC from 1970 to 2000 were reviewed retrospectively by Dijkstra et al (2007). They found a significant increase in the incidence of PTC, which may be related to increasing dietary iodine intake.…”

Section: Iodine and Eating Habitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the environment on the development of thyroid tumors: a new appraisal

Marcello¹,

Malandrino²,

Almeida³

et al. 2014

Endocrine Related Cancer

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Most epidemiological studies concerning differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) indicate an increasing incidence over the last two decades. This increase might be partially explained by the better access to health services worldwide, but clinicopathological analyses do not fully support this hypothesis, indicating that there are carcinogenetic factors behind this noticeable increasing incidence. Although we have undoubtedly understood the biology and molecular pathways underlying thyroid carcinogenesis in a better way, we have made very little progresses in identifying a risk profile for DTC, and our knowledge of risk factors is very similar to what we knew 30-40 years ago. In addition to ionizing radiation exposure, the most documented and established risk factor for DTC, we also investigated the role of other factors, including eating habits, tobacco smoking, living in a volcanic area, xenobiotics, and viruses, which could be involved in thyroid carcinogenesis, thus, contributing to the increase in DTC incidence rates observed.

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Changing patterns of thyroid carcinoma

Abstract: This study demonstrated a significant increase in the incidence of papillary carcinoma. This may be related to increasing dietary iodine intake and may be significant as papillary carcinoma is associated with a more favourable prognosis.

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Thyroid Cancers: Considerations, Classifications, and Managements

Del macro al microcarcinoma tiroideo: cambios en las características de presentación del cáncer de tiroides en un centro universitario chileno en 20 años

The influence of the environment on the development of thyroid tumors: a new appraisal

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