Changing pattern of oral cavity lesions and personal habits over a decade: Hospital based record analysis from Allahabad

Abstract

Aim:To do a prospective clinicohistological study of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity, and compare it with a 10-year retrospective data, especially in terms of incidence, age distribution, personal habits, and site and type of lesion.Material and Methods:Sections from 776 lesions of the oral cavity, which included 647 lesions of a 10-year (1993 – 2003) retrospective study and 129 lesions of a one-year (2003 – 2004) prospective study, were observed clinically, and a histological correlation was carried out.Results:Premalignant lesions included 78 cases of leukoplakia, 68 cases of oral submucous fibrosis, and 76 cases of squamous papilloma. Their incidence has increased in the last decade from 0.15 to 0.53. These lesions commonly presented in the fourth decade of life, as white patches in leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis, and as a growth in squamous cell papilloma. Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest lesion (57%). Its incidence has increased significantly in the last decade. The mean age of presentation was the sixth decade. A personal history of tobacco chewing was given by most of the patients in the retrospective group, while the use of pan masala was found to be maximum in the prospective group. The overall agreement between the clinical and histological diagnosis was 95.36% (740 / 776) and the kappa coefficient of agreement was 0.9256.Conclusion:Histology along with a detailed clinical workup was found to be a useful, reliable, and accurate diagnostic technique for lesions of the oral cavity. An increase in premalignant lesions in the prospective study, associated with increased pan masala intake is alarming and needs to be taken care of.

Study of Histopathology of the Tumour like Lesions and Tumours of the Oral Cavity

“…Tumour like lesions were most commonly found in gingiva followed by buccal mucosa. In our study buccal mucosa was most common site of premalignant lesions (100%) which was in concordance with the findings of Mishra M et al 11 (52%), Lee J J et al(65%) 19 ,Misra V et al(55%) 2 and was discordant with the study done by Liu W et al 12 where tongue was the commonest site(51%) for the premalignant lesions. In our study buccal mucosa was most common site(38%)of malignant lesions which is concordant with the study of Ahluwalia et al(55%) 20 …”

“…1 They are of great significance, as they have a potential to jeopardize the health and longevity of the patient. 2 Over 90% of these tumours are squamous cell carcinoma which arise from oral mucosal lining. 3 Many oral carcinomas arise within regions that previously had premalignant lesion.…”

Leukoplakia and erythroplakia: A clinicians perspective and histopathologist verdict - A retrospective study

“…Similar result was seen in studies conducted by Misra et al [12] and Lee et al [13] but not in accordance with results of Liu et al, [10] in which the common site of involvement was the tongue.…”

“…Studies conducted by Liu et al, [10] Dietrich et al, [11] and Misra et al [12] also showed increase incidence in males. The reason for greater incidence in males is due to increase use of tobacco in males.…”

Pattern of oral lesions – Cytohistopathological study in tertiary care centre.

“…6 ; Mishra et al 7 , it has been seen that the present study was in concordance with most of the above mentioned studies. …”