Changing molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an Algerian hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of both hospital-and community-acquired infections worldwide. However, data about the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in North Africa are still scarce. Methodology: All MRSA isolates recovered between January 2006 and July 2011 from one Algerian hospital were genetically and phenotypically characterized. Results: The predominance of a European community-associated-MRSA (CA-MRSA) clone (ST80-SCCmec IV-PVL positive) was revealed by this analysis. Conclusion: Our data suggest that a CA-MRSA clone recently invaded the hospital setting in Algiers and replaced a typical hospitalassociated pandemic clone such as the Brazilian clone (ST239-SCCmec IIImercury-PVL negative).

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Poultry Species in Algeria: Long-Term Study on Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance

“…Staphylococcus aureus is a contagious, opportunistic pathogen that causes clinical or subclinical infections in humans and animals, and it is a significant cause of foodborne illness worldwide. In Algeria, a high prevalence of S. aureus and multi-drug resistant MRSA is found regularly in patients admitted to healthcare facilities [11,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Enterotoxigenic S. aureus and MRSA have also been isolated from samples of various raw and processed foods, including products of poultry with a contamination rate between 6.1% and 38% [17,18,30].…”

Distribution of Toxinogenic Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus from Different Ecological Niches in Algeria

“…In Algeria, the main studies on MRSA have been published from hospital settings. They showed that this resistance mechanism was endemic, involved in a majority of infection and was mainly due to the diffusion of the ST80-IV CA-MRSA clone carrying the PVL genes among the CA-MRSA isolated: 20.7% in Eastern Algeria [10], 73.9% in Western Algeria [14], and 35.7 to 96% in different hospitals of Algiers [11,15,16]. Nasal carriage of this clone has been also described in hospital but with a low prevalence (4/159 enrolled patients) [17].…”

Epidemiology of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in Arab Countries of the Middle East and North African Region

“…45 PVL detection rate ranged from 21%-88%. 54,58,75,76 Most cited studies did not determine Tst1 carriage except one from Algeria where none of the isolates carried the toxin gene. 61 Both HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA genotypes were frequently detected among colonizing and infective strains in the MENA region.…”

“…45,47,48,74 It was notably nonexistent in combat support hospitals in Iraq. 74 In Algeria, It was very common in Annaba but not in Algiers, [58][59][60][61]75 and in Tunisia, it was frequently encountered in HO-MRSA isolates but not CO-MRSA. 75 All ST239 isolates in the MENA region were [PVL-] and (35), t044 (19), t030 (5), t363 (5), t304 (4), t002 (4), t631 (3), t690 (3), t019 (2), t388 (2), t032 (2), t223 (2), t3059 (2), t138…”