Changing cell-wall compositions in hypocotyls of dark-grown bean seedlings

Holst, G J van; Klis, Frans M.; Bouman, F.; Stegwee, D.

doi:10.1007/bf00384555

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Changes in relative sugar ratio in ϪCPA during the experiment (Table 2) were almost consistent with the sugar ratio as reported previously (Nishitani & Masuda, 1980;Maurice & Russell, 1981;Van Holst et al, 1980;Goldberg et al, 1986). Figure 6 shows the relative ratio of WSP, ESP and HSP in pectin sub-fractions of the cell wall materials.…”

Section: Comparison Among Sub-fractions In Pectin Fractionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Changes in sugar composition of cell wall polysaccharides of mungbean hypocotyls by 2-CPA In all pectic and hemicellu- losic fractions of mungbean hypocotyls, Gal, Xyl, Rha, Glc, Ara and Man were detected (Table 1), similar to mungbean cotyledons (Gooneratne et al, 1994), pea stems (Maurice & Russell, 1981) and kidney bean hypocotyls (Van Holst et al, 1980), although the relative ratio of these sugars was different.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Effect of 2-Chloroethyl Phosphonic Acid on Sugar Composition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Mungbean Hypocotyls

Hayami

Motomura

Nishizawa

2004

FSTR

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The application of ethylene to germinating seeds in the practical production of mungbean sprout has been used to get thicker, shorter and harder hypocotyls. In our experiment, a similar response was induced by 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid treatment (2-CPA). Neutral sugar concentration of the pectin fraction was higher in 2-CPA-treated hypocotyls than in non-treated ones throughout the experiment, while uronic acid concentration in the 2-CPA-treated ones was slightly higher than that in the non-treated on days 3 and 5. In water-soluble pectin, a lower concentration of galactose and a higher concentration of arabinose and rhamnose (and/or xylose) in 2-CPA-treated hypocotyls as compared to the non-treated ones were observed on days 1 and 3. From these results, we hypothesized that the changes in neutral sugar concentration and composition of water-soluble pectin fraction by 2-CPA-treated might contribute to physical and/or morphological change in these hypocotyls.Keywords: ethylene, mungbean hypocotyl, pectic polysaccharides, 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid Bean sprouts that are grown in darkness are a popular fresh vegetable in oriental countries, and both mungbean and Brassica spp. are the most important materials in the Japanese market. Bean sprouts are a food that includes many vitamins, free-amino acids, lipids and other components (Tajiri, 1987a). In addition, dietary fibers in the bean sprouts are of interest from the viewpoint of human health (Tajiri, 2000).Japanese consumers prefer to eat thick and short mungbean sprouts with a crispy feel in the mouth. Therefore, growth control of the sprouts is an important technique, since the hypocotyls often grow succulently in darkness and easily lose their crispness.Utilization of plant growth regulators (PGRs), especially ethylene, has been reported to inhibit the elongation and to induce the thickening of hypocotyls (Tajiri, 1982;1985;1987b;1996).Morphological changes in bean sprouts by PGRs are often accompanied by structural changes in the cell wall polymers such as non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Nishitani and Masuda (1980) showed that accelerated elongation of azuki bean epicotyl segments by IAA was positively correlated with increase in galactose in pectin and hemicellulose polymers.However, we have no data yet on how cell wall polysaccharides change in relation to thickening of mungbean sprouts under ethylene treatment. In this report, we applied 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid (2-CPA; an ethylene forming reagent) on germinated seeds of mungbean and changes in the cell wall components in relation to the hypocotyl elongation were studied. This is the first report to clarify how 2-CPA affects both cell wall concentration and the components of mungbean sprouts in darkness. Materials and MethodsSeeds, ethylene forming reagent and seedlings Taishi Syokuhin Kogyo (Aomori, Japan) supplied us mungbean seeds that were imported from China. A 10% solution of 2-CPA (commercial name: Ethrel 10, Ishihara Sangyo, Mie) was diluted 750 times with water and used the experiment. ...

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Section: Comparison Among Sub-fractions In Pectin Fractionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of 2-Chloroethyl Phosphonic Acid on Sugar Composition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Mungbean Hypocotyls

Hayami

Motomura

Nishizawa

2004

FSTR

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“…Wall analysis (Table I) suggests (statistical significance not proven) that both processes contribute to the negative convective change, since uronic acids fall from 3.0% to 2.7% of total wall carbohydrate between the first 4-mm and the second 4-mm segments. A tissue age-dependent decline in relative uronide cell wall content has also been described for shoots (9,16). …”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Uronide Deposition Rates in the Primary Root of Zea mays

Silk¹,

Walker²,

Labavitch³

1984

Plant Physiol.

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“…The salt-extractable wall HRGP has been purified and characterized (25, G. J. van Holst and J. E. Varner, unpublished). Its chemical composition closely resembles that of (a) bacterial agglutinins isolated from tobacco callus and potato tubers (18,19), (b) cell wall proteins deposited during growth cessation in pea epicotyls and bean hypocotyls (16,26), and (c) the nonextractable wall glycopeptides from cultured tomato cells (17). The soluble carrot glycoprotein is slowly insolubilized in the cell wall, probably through the oxidative formation of isodityrosine (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Selective Inhibition of Proline Hydroxylation by 3,4-Dehydroproline

Cooper¹,

Varner²

1983

Plant Physiol.

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The effect of proline analogs on peptidyl proline hydroxylation has been studied in viho using aerated root slices of Daucus carota. One analog, 3,4-dehydroproline, acted at micromolar concentrations to rapidly and selectively inhibit peptidyl proline hydroxylation. A proline is hydroxylated after incorporation into peptide linkage (5), the carrot system is ideal for studies on the biosynthesis of hydroxyproline. We have used this system to investigate the effects of several proline analogs on peptidyl proline hydroxylation, and to characterize the effects of the most potent of these analog inhibitors, 3,4-dehydroproline. Tissue Preparation. Large tap roots of Daucus carota were obtained from a local merchant and stored at 4°C until use. Sterile discs of phloem parenchyma tissue (7 mm diameter by 1.5 mm thick) were washed extensively with sterile water and aerated at 25C in shaking Erlenmeyer flasks for at least 30 h to induce synthesis of HRGPs (5) (less than 5 g tissue in 50 ml water in each 500 ml flask, shaking at 120 cycles/min). Hydroxylation Assays. Peptidyl proline hydroxylation was measured by the in vivo tritium-loss method of Varner and Burton (27). This method is based on the specific labilization of the 4-trans-hydrogen during proline hydroxylation. Using [4-3H]

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Changing cell-wall compositions in hypocotyls of dark-grown bean seedlings

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of 2-Chloroethyl Phosphonic Acid on Sugar Composition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Mungbean Hypocotyls

Effect of 2-Chloroethyl Phosphonic Acid on Sugar Composition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides in Mungbean Hypocotyls

Uronide Deposition Rates in the Primary Root of Zea mays

Selective Inhibition of Proline Hydroxylation by 3,4-Dehydroproline

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