Changes to the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Reservoir and Enhanced SIV-Specific Responses in a Rhesus Macaque Model of Functional Cure after Serial Rounds of Romidepsin Administrations

Kleinman, Adam J.; Sivanandham, Sindhuja; Sette, Paola; Sivanandham, Ranjit; Policicchio, Benjamin B.; Xu, Cuiling; Penn, Ellen; Brocca-Cofano, Egidio; Hingrat, Quentin Le; Ma, Dongzhu; Pandrea, Ivona; Apetrei, Cristian

doi:10.1128/jvi.00445-22

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Reactivation and subsequent depletion ("shock and kill") of the virus in latent reservoirs has been one therapeutic strategy [23][24][25], while manipulation of the signaling pathways necessary for latency establishment has been another strategy [26]. It is important to highlight that despite the use of all these techniques, cART has not yet completely eliminated or eradicated the virus [27].…”

Section: Antiretroviralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Targets and Known Antivirals (HAART)

Helen Ifedilichukwu,

Joy

2023

Infectious Diseases

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In 2021, the number of HIV-positive people worldwide was estimated to be 38.4 million. Since its discovery four decades ago, the scope of the HIV infection has outstripped all predictions, necessitating the urgent need to develop novel antivirals against the virus that target crucial stages in the virus’ life cycle. New antiviral drug classes that were developed in response to the HIV epidemic were coupled to offer very highly active antiretroviral treatment. These novel highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) were developed as a result of the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the virus. By inhibiting these enzymes, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease that are essential for viral attachment, entry, integration, and maturation, antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies can suppress the virus, lower the viral load, boost CD4 count, and ultimately halt the progression of the disease. Advances in research on the biology of both the immature and the mature forms of the HIV capsid in terms of its structure and function have made it possible to discover and/or design small molecules and peptides that interfere with the virus’s assembly and maturation. This article presents and reviews HAART’s current state and strategies as a very active antiviral.

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