Changes of Work Function in Different Deformation Stage for 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel by SKPFM

Wang, R.J.; Li, J.X.; Su, Yang; Li, Qiao; Volinsky, Alex A.

doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2014.06.280

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The potential in the area of notch was decreased by the plastic strain compared with areas outside the notch, and it is in agreement with the potential variations for 301 LN stainless steel 20 and ewf for duplex stainless steel. 34 Visual observation and AFM topography show the plastic strain, and slip bands, in the area of the residual stress (Figures 7a, 7b). The thickness of the oxide film on 301 LN influences the potential; 20 the thinner the oxide layer, the more negative the potential.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Influence of the surface roughness on the volta potential.-It was assumed [31][32][33][34] that the formation of dislocations can change the potential drop across the metal/air interface due to variation in the atomic density and accordingly to the interfacial dipole moment (Eq. 1), resulting in a decrease of the ewf at locations of peaks at the rough surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Назаров

Vivier

Thierry

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The influence of mechanical stress on the electrochemical properties of ferritic steel SAE 1008 and austenitic stainless steel 301LN was studied using Scanning Kelvin Probe and Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS) techniques. The probeworking electrode Volta potential difference was mapped in situ under load. It was found that the influence of elastic deformation on the potential was small. Plastic deformation decreased the potential of steel by 150-300 mV, whereas the relaxation of the load from the plastic domain increased the Volta potential. However, some locations, which can contain residual stress, remained at low potential. The pre-strained surfaces were characterized by X-ray Photo Electronic Spectroscopy and by Atomic Force Microscopy. Distribution of the capacitance across strained and strain-free surfaces was studied by LEIS in boric/borate electrolyte. The plastic stress increases the capacitance and decreases the ability of the steels to passivate the surface indicating that emerging of pile-ups of dislocations create defective oxide films. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a well-known complex corrosion process caused by the combination of stress and corrosion, which can lead to wear, cracking or fatigue failures. In many cases, the residual stress from plastic deformation or wear accelerates the corrosion rate.1 In the classic film rupture model, tensile stress breaks the passive film creating anodic locations at the bottom of the crack, 2,3 which propagates through an activation/passivation process. This model was developed to the "slip dissolution-film rupture model" pointing out the importance of formation of dislocations and metal dissolution through dislocation slip lines.3,4 The slip dissolution-film rupture model of crack advance was discussed in details previously. 5 This model can predict the crack growth rate for the stainless steels, nickel alloys, and low-alloy steels in high temperature water. 6 The effect of the yielding on the rate of dissolution of many metals was found to be much pronounced in comparison with the influence of elastic deformation. 7 The dissolution rate showed a marked rise at the beginning of the plastic region that is asymptotic with increasing strain. Similar effects of plastic deformation on the anodic current during dissolution were also found for stainless steels.8 To explain this mechanical-electrochemical effect, both the increase of dissolution rate at slip edges and dislocations, and the increase of surface roughness from plastic deformation were pointed out.8 On the other hand, the selective slip dissolution can be ascribed to the local excess of Gibbs potential, 7,8 thus contradicting earlier works. Hoar 9 has shown that both enthalpy and entropy of activation were not significantly altered by cold work, which meant that the free energy of activation for anodic reaction should remain almost constant. A calorimetric study 10 showed that residual energy from cold work was less than 7 calories per gram without any significant impact on ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Назаров

Vivier

Thierry

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…26,23 Tensile testing in the elastic stress domain increased the potential (Fig. 8) whereas a plastic load, either compressive or tensile, decreased the potential ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…23 It was shown that electrode potential reached its maximum point before plastic deformation started. The theoretical explanation proposed by Wang et al 23 is that elastic tension decreases the density of the atomic packing and decreases the concentration of the electrons in the metal layer close to the interface, this makes the Fermi level electrons bind more strongly at the surface so it is more difficult for them to escape, consequently increasing the potential. On the other hand, it has been pointed out by Feng et al that a potential drop across the adsorbed layer also contributes to SKP measurement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Potential Distribution on a 301 LN Stainless Steel Surface

Fuertes

Назаров

Vucko

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The aim of the present work was to study the influence of the stress on the electrode potential of the austenitic stainless steel301LN using Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP). It was found that elastic deformation reversibly ennobles the potential whereas plasticdeformation decreases the potential in both tensile and compressive deformation mode and this decrease is retained even 24 h afterremoval of the load. To interpret the stress effects, different surface preparations were used and the composition and thickness ofthe passive film were determined by GDOES. Slip steps formed due to plastic deformation were observed using AFM. The effect ofplastic strain on the potential is explained by the formation of dislocations, which creates more a defective passive film.

QC 20160516

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“…Selective dissolution of the ferrite phase in duplex stainless steels, for example, can be explained by the larger Volta potential difference with respect to the Pt reference (lower absolute Volta potential), compared to a smaller measured difference of the austenite [18,45,46]. With the introduction of cold work, grade 2205 duplex stainless steel tends to show preferential local corrosion sites associated with localised deformation in the austenite, with these regions related to local Volta potential extremes [45,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative EBSD and SKPFM characterisation of microstructure development to assist determination of corrosion propensity in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel

Örnek

Engelberg

2015

J Mater Sci

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Correlative electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) analysis has been carried out to characterise microstructure development and associated corrosion behaviour of as-received and 750°C heat-treated grade 2205 duplex stainless steel. High-resolution EBSD analysis revealed the presence of r-and v-phase, secondary austenite, Cr 2 N, and CrN after ageing treatment. SKPFM Volta potential measurements confirmed the formation of discrete reactive sites, indicating local corrosion propensity in the microstructure. Cr 2 N, r-phase, and inter-granular v-phase had the largest net cathodic activity, followed by CrN and intra-granular v-phase showing medium electrochemical activity, with ferrite and austenite (including secondary austenite) showing net anodic activity. Corrosion screening confirmed selective corrosion of ferrite in the as-received and 750°C-aged conditions with the corrosion propensity of secondary phases staying in-line with SKPFM observations. Stress corrosion micro-cracks were also observed and are discussed in light of microstructure corrosion propensity.

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Changes of Work Function in Different Deformation Stage for 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel by SKPFM

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Potential Distribution on a 301 LN Stainless Steel Surface

Correlative EBSD and SKPFM characterisation of microstructure development to assist determination of corrosion propensity in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel

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