Changes of the osmotic value during the development of the ovule

Ryczkowski, M.

doi:10.1007/bf01915463

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…It has been known for some time that the amorphous liquid endosperm in which the proembryo is constantly bathed has a very low (more negative) osmotic potential that subsequently decreases (becomes more negative) as the embryo matures (Ryczkowski, 1960). This has led to the view that the osmotic pressure of the medium might play a role in promoting growth of proembryos both in vitro and in vivo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

One hundred years of zygotic embryo culture investigations

Raghavan

2003

In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant

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SummaryIsolation of zygotic embryos from seeds and their culture in a defined medium, initiated by Hannig in 1904, has proved to be a promising method to study the factors that control growth and differentiation of embryos. Using this technique, several investigations have focused on the carbohydrate and nitrogen nutrition during germination of cultured seed embryos and on the effects of plant hormones on their morphogenesis. Culture of immature embryos leads to their germination into weak seedlings, skipping the later stages of embryogenesis, by a process known as precocious germination. Progressively smaller embryos have been cultured by supplementation of the medium with coconut milk or hormonal additives or by osmotic adjustment of the medium by high concentrations of sucrose or mannitol. Although methods have not been developed for large-scale isolation and culture of zygotes, zygotes of maize isolated from embryo sacs and those obtained by in vitro fertilization have been grown in culture into full-term embryos. Embryo culture techniques are widely used to rescue embryos from seeds of wide crosses which usually abort and to overcome dormancy of recalcitrant seeds.

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confidence: 99%

One hundred years of zygotic embryo culture investigations

Raghavan

2003

In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant

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“…Monnier (1976) found that the high-salt Murashige-Skoog medium was also satisfactory for the culture of proembryos of C. bursa-pastoris, although best effects were obtained by modifying the medium by increasing the concentrations of K and Ca salts and decreasing the concentration of NH4N03 • In view of the changing nutritional requirements of growing embryos, a culture technique was devised which allows initial growth of proembryos in the revised medium and their later growth in a medium of a slightly different composition. It has been known for some time that the liquid endosperm bathing the proembryo has a very low (more negative) osmotic potential that substantially decreases (becomes more negative) as the embryo matures (Ryczkowski, 1960;Yeung and Brown, 1982). An idea established from the work of van Overbeek et al (1942) is the use of nutritionally rich substances of endospermic origin such as coconut milk for the culture of proembryos.…”

Section: Culture Of Proembryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Methods for the Control of Fertilization and Embryo Development

Raghavan¹

1994

Plant Cell and Tissue Culture

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“…Datura, Hordeum, Capsella, Triticum) requerirían una alta concentración de este azúcar (8-12%) para un adecuado equilibrio osmótico (Ziebur y Brink, 1951;Rijven, 1952;Rietsema et al, 1953;Norstog, 1961;Monnier, 1976Monnier, , 1978Fisher y Neuhaus, 1995). Este punto coincide con estudios realizados in vivo en los que se observa una alta osmolaridad en el fluido que sustenta al embrión inmaduro (Ryczkowski, 1960;Mauney, 1961;Smith, 1973). Por tanto, en principio, sería aconsejable cultivar embriones inmaduros en un medio con alto contenido en azúcar para, en la medida que crezca el embrión, ir disminuyendo su concentración (Bhojwani y Razdan, 1996).…”

Section: Carbohidratosunclassified

Técnicas y estrategias de mejora para facilitar la hibridación interespecífica y el acortamiento del ciclo generacional en el género Capsicum

Poblete¹,

Andrés²

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Common pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is among the most important vegetables in the world and huge breeding efforts are made every year to develop new improved materials of this species. In this regard, in vitro culture of immature embryos may help breeders to accelerate breeding cycles, to overcome interspecific barriers, among other applications. In this work, we have optimized a protocol for in vitro culture of immature embryos of C. annuum. Different levels (0.01 and 0.2 mg L-1) of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin have been tested to improve the efficiency (germination rates) of this technique in C. annuum embryos at the four main immature stages (i.e. globular, heart, torpedo, and early cotyledonary) from four different varietal types of this species (California Wonder, Piquillo, Guindilla, and Bola). The effect of 5-days initial incubation in dark was also tested on the most efficient hormone formulation. On average, relatively low levels of both IAA and zeatin (0.01 mg L-1 each) (M 1) provided the highest germination rates (33%), particularly in the advanced stages (torpedo and cotyledonary). To a lower extent, the lack of these growth regulators or high IAA (0.2 mg L-1)/low zeatin (0.01 mg L-1) combination also showed a positive response of embryos (24%). On the contrary, high zeatin levels (0.2 mg L-1) provoked very low germination rates or callus development (efficiency 0-7% at any stage and genotype). Finally, M 1 plus 5-days of initial dark incubation (M 1-D) improved the efficiency rates at any embryo stage, particularly in the earliest (globular) embryos which increased from 3% to >20%.

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Changes of the osmotic value during the development of the ovule

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

One hundred years of zygotic embryo culture investigations

One hundred years of zygotic embryo culture investigations

In vitro Methods for the Control of Fertilization and Embryo Development

Técnicas y estrategias de mejora para facilitar la hibridación interespecífica y el acortamiento del ciclo generacional en el género Capsicum

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