Changes of symptoms of eating disorders (ED) and their related psychological health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Haghshomar, Maryam; Shobeiri, Parnian; Brand, Serge; Rossell, Susan L.; Malayeri, Ava Akhavan; Rezaei, Nima

doi:10.1186/s40337-022-00550-9

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Although these disorders are most often diagnosed in young girls and mainly affect Western cultures, they can occur in people of any gender, age, and background [ 11 ]. Recent years have been particularly challenging for people with eating disorders due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as restrictions on social life and difficult access to medical professionals may have negatively affected their mental health [ 16 , 17 ]. It was observed that in 2020, rates of eating disorder symptoms, depression, and anxiety were higher than in previous years [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional, Vegetarian, or Low FODMAP Diets and Their Relation to Symptoms of Eating Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study among Young Women in Poland

et al. 2022

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Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are an ever-growing problem, seen most commonly among young women. People with EDs are particularly predisposed to restrictive eating patterns. Diet therapy for many diseases involves the elimination of certain food groups, and the use of restrictive diets in people with EDs may indirectly influence the recurrence of the disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of the possible presence of EDs and orthorexia symptoms among young women following a traditional, alternative (vegetarian), or therapeutic (low FODMAP) diet. Methods: The analysis was based on 420 responses from female respondents aged 19 to 30 years. The research tool consisted of questionnaires to assess the possible presence of EDs (SCOFF), cognitive-behavioral aspects of eating (TFEQ-13), and the presence of orthorexia symptoms (ORTO-15). Results: Uncontrolled and emotional eating was least common in women on a vegetarian diet (5.6 ± 3.7; 3.5 ± 2.7; p < 0.05). Women on a low FODMAP diet were most prevalent with symptoms of orthorexia (n = 37, 47.4%; p < 0.05). Conclusions: It seems important to perform screening tests for eating disorders before recommending diet therapy in order to individually adjust the dietary regimen and refer patients to appropriate specialists.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional, Vegetarian, or Low FODMAP Diets and Their Relation to Symptoms of Eating Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study among Young Women in Poland

et al. 2022

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“…However, baseline general psychopathology scores were lower, that is, better, in patients exposed to the COVID‐19 pandemic. A recent systemic review, of 13 studies with a total of 7848 participants, on changes in eating‐disorder symptoms and associated psychological health issues during the COVID‐19 pandemic, indicated that the pandemic itself and the related social restrictions detrimentally impacted the mental health of the majority of individuals with eating disorders (Haghshomar et al, 2022 ). In our case, the difference in eating disorder psychopathology was not significant, but this could be due to the patient selection criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on intensive cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes in patients with anorexia nervosa—A cohort study

Grave

Bani

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the efficacy of an intensive treatment based on enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT‐E) in patients with anorexia nervosa. Methods This cohort study analyzed 57 patients with anorexia nervosa who experienced the COVID‐19 pandemic during intensive CBT‐E, comparing their outcomes (body mass index [BMI], eating‐disorder and general psychopathology, and clinical impairment) with those of patients with anorexia nervosa matched by gender, age, and BMI given the same treatment before the COVID‐19 outbreak as controls. Patients were assessed at baseline, at the end of treatment and after 20 weeks of follow‐up. Results More than 75% of patients during the pandemic versus 85% of controls completed the treatment, a difference that was not significant. BMI, eating disorder and general psychopathology and clinical impairment scores improved significantly from baseline to 20‐week follow‐up in both groups. However, the improvement was more marked in controls than in those treated during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusion Patients with anorexia nervosa given intensive CBT‐E during the COVID‐19 pandemic had significantly improved psychopathology, albeit to a lesser extent than patients given the same treatment before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Public significance statement In this study, the outcome of 57 patients with anorexia treated with intensive enhanced cognitive behavior therapy during the COVID‐19 pandemic was compared with a matched group treated before the pandemic hit. The rate of remission from anorexia nervosa was similar between the two groups. However, patients exposed to the COVID‐19 pandemic showed lesser improvement than those not exposed.

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent lockdowns have considerably influenced people’s mental health, particularly those with pre-existing conditions (e.g., eating disorders) [ 30 ]. However, some data suggest that the severity of food insecurity is linked to mental health status, particularly in low-income countries [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic and food security in different contexts: A systematic review protocol

Doustmohammadian

Nasrabadi²,

Fadavi

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Given the unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 crisis and the importance of early implementation of prevention programs, it is essential to understand better its potential impacts on various food security dimensions and indicators. Methods Research databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Public Health Register, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of science, and Google Scholar, will be searched using a search strategy and keywords developed in collaboration with librarians. The review will include all field and community trials and observational studies in all population groups. Searching electronic databases, study selection, and data extraction will be conducted by two researchers independently. Four critical appraisal tools will be used to assess the quality of included studies according to the study design: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Prevalence Critical Appraisal tool, the JBI critical appraisal checklist for randomized control/pseudo-randomized trial, descriptive/case series, and comparable cohort/case-control. These tools were initially designed for use in systematic reviews. A narrative synthesis will be implemented to summarize findings if meta-analyses are not appropriate. Discussion The current systematic review results can be used to predict the effect of COVID-19 on the individuals’ and households’ food security, especially in vulnerable populations, and develop effective interventions. This review can provide information for policymakers to better understand the factors influencing the implementation of these interventions and inform decision-making to improve food security. Systematic review registration The present study registration number in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) is CRD42020185843.

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Changes of symptoms of eating disorders (ED) and their related psychological health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 69 publications

Traditional, Vegetarian, or Low FODMAP Diets and Their Relation to Symptoms of Eating Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study among Young Women in Poland

Traditional, Vegetarian, or Low FODMAP Diets and Their Relation to Symptoms of Eating Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study among Young Women in Poland

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on intensive cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes in patients with anorexia nervosa—A cohort study

COVID-19 pandemic and food security in different contexts: A systematic review protocol

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