Changes of membrane phospholipid composition of human erythrocytes in hyperlipidemias. I. Increased phosphatidylcholine and reduced sphingomyelin in patients with elevated levels of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins

Engelmann, Bernd; Streich, Sabine; Schönthier, Ulrike M.; Richter, Werner; Duhm, Jochen

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(92)90072-4

Cited by 73 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, the mechanism by which plasmalogens are involved in the modification of lipoproteins metabolism is unknown. A significant positive correlation between serum plasmalogens and HDL (Table 4-1) was reported by Engelmann et al (21), and this finding has been supported by our previous study (4). We speculate that plasmalogen biosynthesis may be closely related to the production of apo A-I through peroxisomal function.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Myo-Inositol Treatment Increases Serum Plasmalogens and Decreases Small Dense LDL, Particularly in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Maeba

Hara

Ishikawa

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Background and aim: We have previously shown that serum plasmalogen levels positively correlate with HDL, and significantly decrease with aging, and may be related to LDL particle size. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of increased serum plasmalogens on lipidosis, particularly the appearance of atherogenic small dense LDL (sdLDL), of subjects with hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods and results: The effects of increased serum plasmalogen levels, induced by 2 wk of myoinositol treatment, on several clinical and biochemical parameters were examined in 17 hyperlipidemic subjects including some with MetS. After myo -inositol treatment, significant increases in plasmalogen-related parameters, particularly ChoPlas, and significant decreases in atherogenic cholesterols including sdLDL, were observed. Among the hyperlipidemic subjects treated with myo -inositol, compared to subjects without MetS, subjects with MetS had a significant increase in plasmalogens and a tendency towards reduced sdLDL, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and blood glucose levels. Correlation analyses between the measured parameters showed that plasmalogens, as well as HDL, function as beneficial factors, and that sdLDL is a very important risk factor that shows positive correlations with many other risk factors. Conclusion: These results suggest that increased plasmalogen biosynthesis and/or serum levels are especially effective in improving MetS among hyperlipidemic subjects with MetS. Key Words plasmalogens, metabolic syndrome, small dense low-density lipoprotein, myoinositol Plasmalogens (1-alkenyl-2-acyl-sn -glycero-3-phospholipids) in serum are biosynthesized in the liver and secreted into circulating blood as lipoprotein components. Several studies have shown that plasmalogen levels in the plasma or red blood cell membranes decrease with aging or in the presence of hyperlipidemia ( 1 ); plasmalogen levels are decreased in the lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) of familial hypercholesterolemia patients ( 2 ). However, large scale clinical studies have not yet been done, because the conventional methods used to determine plasmalogens are laborious and unsuitable for highly sensitive quantification.Recently, we established a highly sensitive and convenient method for quantifying choline plasmalogen (ChoPlas) and ethanolamine plasmalogen (EtnPlas) separately ( 3 ). Using this new method, we quantified the serum plasmalogen levels of approximately 300 subjects, and analyzed the correlations of serum plasmalogens with clinical markers and serum biochemical markers. The following results were obtained: i) serum plasmalogens decrease markedly with aging; ii) serum plasmalogen levels are positively correlated with highdensity lipoprotein (HDL); and iii) the ratio of ChoPlas to EtnPlas is positively correlated with LDL particle size ( 4 ). These results suggest that serum plasmalogens, as well as HDL, function as beneficial factors, and furthermore that plasmalogen biosynthesis and/or se...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Myo-Inositol Treatment Increases Serum Plasmalogens and Decreases Small Dense LDL, Particularly in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Maeba

Hara

Ishikawa

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Fraction III (R f ϭ 0.34)) migrated at the same height as native egg PC and native PI, whereas fractions IV (R f ϭ 0.55) and V (at the solvent front) comigrated with native egg PE and native neutral lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides), respectively. For quantification of the modified phospholipids present in fractions I-IV, the corresponding spots were scraped off and their phosphate contents determined (16). Commercially obtained phospholipids (sphingomyelin (bovine brain), egg PC, and egg PE) were enriched in dipalmitoyl-PC vesicles and oxidized for 12 h with copper acetate (10 M).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Phosphatidylethanolamine as the Active Component of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Promoting Platelet Prothrombinase Activity

Zieseniss

Zahler

Müller

et al. 2001

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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We analyzed the influence of the atherogenic oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) on the activity of the platelet prothrombinase complex, a major contributor to overall thrombin formation in vivo. Platelet dependent thrombin generation was found to be strongly stimulated by in vitro oxidized LDL. The enhancement was additive to that observed with the platelet agonist thrombin. Oxidized LDL increased the platelet binding of annexin-V, suggesting that the augmented surface exposure of aminophospholipids promoted the prothrombinase activity. All of the stimulatory activity of the oxidized LDL could be recovered in the microemulsions prepared from the lipid portion of the modified particles. Phospholipid vesicles were prepared containing the total lipids of the oxidized LDL but lacking specifically in one lipid component. Following the selective removal of the ethanolamine phospholipids (PE) from the LDL lipids, the platelet-dependent thrombin formation was markedly reduced. Vesicles enriched with the isolated PE fraction alone enhanced the thrombin generation. Analyses with autoxidized phospholipids indicated that oxidation products of unsaturated diacyl-PE were mainly responsible for the increased prothrombinase activity. Oxidized LDL and its PE fraction lost their stimulatory activity after treatment with NaCNBH 3 , a chemical reductant of Schiff base adducts. Phospholipid vesicles supplemented with synthetic aldehyde-PE adducts largely reproduced the stimulation of the thrombin generation. We conclude that the oxidized LDL particles elicit a pronounced prothrombotic response by increasing the activity of the platelet prothrombinase complex. Specific oxidative modifications of the LDLassociated ethanolamine phospholipids are mainly responsible for this stimulation.

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“…in the second direction ; procedure 3, one-dimensional, solvent water\ methanol\NH $ (70 : 48 : 7, by vol.). Usually, lipids were visualized by exposure to iodine vapour, and the spots were scraped off the plate and quantified by determining their phosphate content [20]. In the case of $H-labelled phospholipids, radioactivity was determined as described in [19] in the upper as well as the lower phase by using a scintillation counter.…”

Section: Assessment Of Phospholipid Degradation By Tlc and Phosphate mentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed oxidative degradation of polyunsaturated diacyl phospholipids in the presence of plasmalogen phospholipids in vitro

Reiss

Beyer

Engelmann

1997

Biochemical Journal

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140

114

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The oxidative degradation of plasmalogen (alkenylacyl) phospholipids was analysed in the absence and the presence of polyunsaturated ester phospholipids by "H-NMR and by chemical determination. Brain lysoplasmenylethanolamine (lyso-P-PE), brain P-PE and erythrocyte P-PE, containing an increasing number of intrachain double bonds at sn # , were oxidized with 2,2h-azobis-(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH ; 2 or 10 mM) in Triton X-100 micelles (detergent\phospholipid 1 : 5, mol\mol). The formation of two peroxyl radicals was accompanied by the degradation of approx. one molecule of brain lyso-P-PE. On oxidation of brain P-PE or erythrocyte P-PE (320 nmol) with 2 mM AAPH, the (α-vinyl) methine "H signal of the enol ether decreased more rapidly than the methine proton peak of intrachain double bonds. The rate of enol ether degradation increased in the order : erythrocyte P-PE brain P-PE brain lyso-P-PE. The disappearance of the polyunsaturated ester phospholipids 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine (16 : 0\20 : 4-PC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine

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Changes of membrane phospholipid composition of human erythrocytes in hyperlipidemias. I. Increased phosphatidylcholine and reduced sphingomyelin in patients with elevated levels of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins

Cited by 73 publications

References 14 publications

Myo-Inositol Treatment Increases Serum Plasmalogens and Decreases Small Dense LDL, Particularly in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Myo-Inositol Treatment Increases Serum Plasmalogens and Decreases Small Dense LDL, Particularly in Hyperlipidemic Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Modified Phosphatidylethanolamine as the Active Component of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Promoting Platelet Prothrombinase Activity

Delayed oxidative degradation of polyunsaturated diacyl phospholipids in the presence of plasmalogen phospholipids in vitro

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