Changes of brain function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus measured by different analysis methods: A new coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging

Abstract

ObjectiveNeuroimaging meta-analysis identified abnormal neural activity alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but there was no consistency or heterogeneity analysis between different brain imaging processing strategies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine consistent changes of regional brain functions in T2DM via the indicators obtained by using different post-processing methods.MethodsSince the indicators obtained using varied post-processing methods reflect different neurophysiological and pathological characteristics, we further conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) of the two categories of neuroimaging literature, which were grouped according to similar data processing methods: one group included regional homogeneity (ReHo), independent component analysis (ICA), and degree centrality (DC) studies, while the other group summarized the literature on amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF).ResultsThe final meta-analysis included 23 eligible trials with 27 data sets. Compared with the healthy control group, when neuroimaging studies were combined with ReHo, ICA, and DC measurements, the brain activity of the right Rolandic operculum, right supramarginal gyrus, and right superior temporal gyrus in T2DM patients decreased significantly. When neuroimaging studies were combined with ALFF and CBF measurements, there was no clear evidence of differences in the brain function between T2DM and HCs.ConclusionT2DM patients have a series of spontaneous abnormal brain activities, mainly involving brain regions related to learning, memory, and emotion, which provide early biomarkers for clarifying the mechanism of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders in diabetes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=247071, PROSPERO [CRD42021247071].

Diabetes, antidiabetic medications and risk of dementia: A systematic umbrella review and meta‐analysis

“…5-6). Of the 100 included reviews, 32 related diabetes to cognitive function in mixed diabetic populations, 2,6,8, seven examined the effect of type 1 diabetes, 3,55-60 19 focused on type 2 diabetes, 5,7,61-77 14 observed brain structure in diabetes, 1,4,[78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] two examined genetic and other biomarkers of dementia 90,91 and 26 focused on cognitive effects of antidiabetic treatment. 14,15,[20][21][22] Of the 27 studies included in the meta-analyses, 15 related metformin use to risk of dementia, [113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127] 10 were used in the thiazolidinedione metaanalysis, 113,[122][123][124][125][126][127][128]...…”

“…5‐6). Of the 100 included reviews, 32 related diabetes to cognitive function in mixed diabetic populations, 2,6,8,26–54 seven examined the effect of type 1 diabetes, 3,55–60 19 focused on type 2 diabetes, 5,7,61–77 14 observed brain structure in diabetes, 1,4,78–89 two examined genetic and other biomarkers of dementia 90,91 and 26 focused on cognitive effects of antidiabetic treatment 14,15,20–22,92–112 . Of the 27 studies included in the meta‐analyses, 15 related metformin use to risk of dementia, 113–127 10 were used in the thiazolidinedione meta‐analysis, 113,122–130 four for pioglitazone, 126,129–131 seven for DPP‐4is, 123,125–127,132–134 five for α‐glucosidase inhibitors, 123,126,127,129,135 two for meglitinides, 126,129 seven for insulin, 122,123,125,127,129,136,137 11 for sulphonylureas,…”