“…The slight fall in body weight, which occurs immediately after birth, would be associated with the drying of the amniotic fluids; the mean weight loss due to this has been estimated by Alexander (1956) to average 0-6 lb. Suckling occurs soon after birth (Table 5), but it is not until 6 hr later, when presumably the fleece has dried and milk intake is increasing, that positive increments in weight occur, but these are significant (P<005) only in singles at 48 hr.…”
Studies of rectal temperature changes in Blackface lambs from birth to 24 hr indicated a very limited effect within an ambient temperature range of 28 to 66°F. The rectal temperature of twins at birth was lower than that of singles, but the difference disappeared by 3 hr after birth. Body weight was correlated with rectal temperature at birth only in twins. In both twins and singles there was an elevated level of rectal temperature after birth which was presumably associated with a postnatal rise in metabolic rate similar to that which occurs in other species. It is concluded from the results that heat regulation is completely developed within a short interval of birth.Changes in body weight at intervals up to 48 hr were small, and body weight was significantly different from that at birth only at 48 hr in single lambs.
“…The slight fall in body weight, which occurs immediately after birth, would be associated with the drying of the amniotic fluids; the mean weight loss due to this has been estimated by Alexander (1956) to average 0-6 lb. Suckling occurs soon after birth (Table 5), but it is not until 6 hr later, when presumably the fleece has dried and milk intake is increasing, that positive increments in weight occur, but these are significant (P<005) only in singles at 48 hr.…”
Studies of rectal temperature changes in Blackface lambs from birth to 24 hr indicated a very limited effect within an ambient temperature range of 28 to 66°F. The rectal temperature of twins at birth was lower than that of singles, but the difference disappeared by 3 hr after birth. Body weight was correlated with rectal temperature at birth only in twins. In both twins and singles there was an elevated level of rectal temperature after birth which was presumably associated with a postnatal rise in metabolic rate similar to that which occurs in other species. It is concluded from the results that heat regulation is completely developed within a short interval of birth.Changes in body weight at intervals up to 48 hr were small, and body weight was significantly different from that at birth only at 48 hr in single lambs.
The course of pregnancy was followed in three groups of Peppin-strain Merino ewes. Group 1 of seven ewes, maintained on a high plane of nutrition, all lambed; the mean birth weight of lambs was 8 lb. 6 oz. The six ewes in group 2, kept on a low plane of nutrition, all lambed; the mean birth weight of their lambs was 1 lb. 9 oz. lower (P<0·01). The seven ewes in group 3 kept on a low plane of nutrition and subjected daily to temperatures of 112° F. dry bulb, 92° F. wet bulb, produced only four lambs; the mean birth weight was 4 lb. 6 oz. less than those from group 1, and 2 lb. 13 oz. less than those from group 2 (P < 0·001).Scale photographs of the lambs, and X-rays and measurements of their long bones, after dissection, showed that the lambs of group 3 were miniatures: their skeletons were much reduced in size, whereas low nutrition alone (group 2), caused little skeletal reduction.The mechanism of dwarfing is not clear. However, fore-cannon bone lengths and liver weights, considered in relation to lamb birth weights indicated that it was not a nutritional effect.This study was undertaken at the Physiology Department, University of Queensland. It is a pleasure to thank Prof. W. V. Macfarlane for the valuable facilities, and for his help and encouragement.
The efficiency of a method of cobalt supplementation for ruminants using cobaltic
METHODS
Sheep.Two similar groups, each of twenty-five Southdown ewes, were selected on the basis of age, body-weight and origin. These ewes were grazed on pastures where lambs show signs of Co deficiency annually, but adult sheep are apparently normal (Skerman & Sutherland, 1957). Treatment. One group was selected by the toss of a coin and treated with cobalticoxide pellets (5 g, 90% cobaltic oxide, sp.gr. qo), now commonly known as Co bullets. Each treated ewe received one Co bullet. The ewes were treated on the day that rams were introduced. Known parentage was required for stud purposes so the two rams used were each placed with one group of ewes each in separate paddocks. Rams were withdrawn after 8 weeks and thereafter all ewes were grazed together. During lambing, the farm caretaker kept the ewes under observation from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. each day and noted the known or estimated time that each ewe lambed. Visits were made each day to identify and weigh lambs and to collect colostrum or milk samples as required.Colostrum and milk samples. A sample of colostrum was taken from each ewe as soon as practicable after parturition, and the known or estimated time after parturition was
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