Changes in water diffusion due to Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerve

Beaulieu, Christian; Does, Mark D.; Snyder, R. E.; Allen, Peter S.

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910360419

Cited by 252 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…As a result, in both live and fixed brain, reductions in axial diffusivity are associated with axonal damage (14,15), whereas increases in radial diffusivity are associated with damage to myelin (14,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic correlation with diffusion tensor imaging after chronic hypoxia in the immature ferret

et al. 2011

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Articles Translational Investigation nature publishing group INTRODUCTION: chronic hypoxia in rodents induces white matter (WM) injury similar to that in human preterm infants. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and immunohistochemistry to study the impact of hypoxia in the immature ferret at two developmental time points relevant to the preterm and term brain. RESULTS: On ex vivo imaging, the apparent diffusion coefficient (aDc) was decreased throughout the WM after 10 days of hypoxia (hypoxia from postnatal day 10 (P10) to P20 and killed at P20 (early hypoxia P20)), corresponding to increased astrocytosis and decreased myelination. Diffusion values normalized after 10 days of normoxia (hypoxia from P10 to P20 and killed at P30 (early hypoxia P30)), but immunohistochemistry revealed significant astrocytosis and hypomyelination. In contrast, aDc and anisotropy were increased after 10 days of hypoxia at a later developmental time point (hypoxia from P20 to P30 and killed at P30 (late hypoxia P30)), with less astrocytosis and more prominent myelination. DISCUSSION: The patterns of alteration in imaging and histology varied in relation to the developmental time at which hypoxia occurred. Normalization of diffusion measures did not correspond to the normalization of underlying histopathology. METHODS: Ferrets were subjected to 10% hypoxia and divided into three groups: early hypoxia P20, early hypoxia P30, and late hypoxia P30.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic correlation with diffusion tensor imaging after chronic hypoxia in the immature ferret

et al. 2011

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“…The etiology of the NAWM damage may be due to Wallerian degeneration distal to damaged axons (2,3,6) and/or microscopic lesions to which anatomical MR images are not sensitive. Recent studies have attempted to better delineate the changes associated with diffusion in Wallerian degeneration in animal (23,24) and human studies (6,25). Pierpaoli et al (25) studied retrograde Wallerian degeneration in the cortical spinal tract of patients who had internal capsule lesions a year after stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directional diffusion in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis: A possible in vivo signature of Wallerian degeneration

Henry

Nelson

et al. 2003

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To examine the role of directional dependence of the apparent diffusion coefficients in the evaluation of normal-appearing brain regions of patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods:The role of diffusion tensor eigenvalues was investigated in the normal-appearing brain regions for 18 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 15 age-matched normal controls. Results:The isotropic apparent diffusion was increased in all regions. However, reduced anisotropy was significant only in regions with high anisotropy, including the corpus callosum and the internal capsule, and was due to increased diffusion tensor eigenvalues corresponding to diffusion transverse to the fibers without significant increase along the fibers. This characteristic pattern of changes in diffusion tensor eigenvalues has been observed previously in cases of Wallerian degeneration. Low-anisotropy regions corresponded to gray matter and gray/white interface regions. Since fiber tract orientations are not determined for regions of low anisotropy, this characteristic pattern of diffusion change is not detectable in these regions. Conclusion:Examination of diffusion tensor eigenvectors may provide insight into the changes observed in diffusion and a signature of Wallerian degeneration in the normal-appearing white matter of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

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“…Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) based on MRI can provide valuable information regarding the microstructure of tissues by monitoring the random movement of water molecules, which is restricted in tissues by applying a motion probing gradient (MPG) in some directions [10][11][12][13]. The diffusion data can be used for determination of quantitative diffusion values such as the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applications of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment

et al. 2010

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can provide valuable structural information about tissues that may be useful for clinical applications in evaluating lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment. Our purpose was to visualize the lumbar nerve root and to analyze its morphology, and to measure its apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in healthy volunteers and patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis using 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging. Fourteen patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis and 14 healthy volunteers were studied. Regions of interest were placed at the fourth and fifth lumbar root at dorsal root ganglia and distal spinal nerves (at L4 and L5) and the first sacral root and distal spinal nerve (S1) on DWI to quantify mean ADC values. The anatomic parameters of the spinal nerve roots can also be determined by neurography. In patients, mean ADC values were significantly higher in entrapped roots and distal spinal nerve than in intact ones. Neurography also showed abnormalities such as nerve indentation, swelling and running transversely in their course through the foramen. In all patients, leg pain was ameliorated after selective decompression (n = 9) or nerve block (n = 5). We demonstrated the first use of DWI and neurography of human lumbar nerves to visualize and quantitatively evaluate lumbar nerve entrapment with foraminal stenosis. We believe that DWI is a potential tool for diagnosis of lumbar nerve entrapment.

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Changes in water diffusion due to Wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerve

Cited by 252 publications

References 20 publications

Histopathologic correlation with diffusion tensor imaging after chronic hypoxia in the immature ferret

Histopathologic correlation with diffusion tensor imaging after chronic hypoxia in the immature ferret

Directional diffusion in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis: A possible in vivo signature of Wallerian degeneration

Clinical applications of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment

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