Changes in trauma-related cognitions predict subsequent symptom improvement during prolonged exposure in patients with childhood abuse-related PTSD

Are There Differences Among Evidence-Based Psychotherapies for Treating Different DSM-5 PTSD Symptom Clusters? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials

“…However, our finding on the absence of difference across the symptom clusters does not fit with this idea, being in agreement with more recent studies ( e.g. , Kooistra et al, 2023).…”

“…These symptom clusters (B and C) would be more responsive to exposure to feared situations conditioned by trauma (Keane et al, 1989;Maples-Keller et al, 2017;Taylor et al, 2003). However, our finding on the absence of difference across the symptom clusters does not fit with this idea, being in agreement with more recent studies (e.g., Kooistra et al, 2023).…”

The dynamic relationship of negative emotional content in the context of trauma-focused writing interventions on improvements in cognitive reappraisal: A pilot study.

“…One interpretation may be that changes in posttraumatic cognitions are dependent upon changes in negative emotions, and thus changes in cognitive processing language are not necessary to promote changes in such cognitive distortions. This may be why treatments such as prolonged exposure (Foa et al, 2007) that do not include direct cognitive restructuring as compared to treatments such as CPT (Resick et al, 2017), still demonstrate improvements in posttraumatic cognitions (Alpert, Shotwell Tabke, et al, 2023; Kooistra et al, 2023). As the current study is a small pilot, and therefore limited in power, it cannot be established if associations with other linguistic features would have emerged with a larger sample and more complex analyses.…”

Changes in cognitive processes and coping strategies precede changes in symptoms during cognitive therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder

“…Importantly, our results showed no evidence for a reverse or bidirectional relationship between PTSD symptoms and appraisals in our sample, replicating Kleim et al’s (2013) findings and most studies that were reviewed by Brown et al (2018) . However, two studies found evidence for a reciprocal relationship between appraisal change and PTSD improvement during prolonged exposure therapy ( Kooistra et al, 2023 ; McLean, Su, & Foa, 2015 ). Discrepancies may be due to differences in the time intervals between the assessment points, as longer intervals between the measurements may have obscured finer-grain temporal effects.…”

“…Seven studies included multiple assessments of negative appraisals and PTSD symptoms during treatment, five of which showed that session-by-session changes in negative appraisals preceded changes in PTSD symptoms treatment ( Cooper, Zoellner, Roy-Byrne, Mavissakalian, & Feeny, 2017b ; Kleim et al, 2013 ; Kumpula et al, 2017 ; McLean et al, 2019 ; Zalta et al, 2014 ). A recent study by Kooistra et al (2023) found further evidence that improvements in negative appraisals precede subsequent improvements in PTSD symptoms in patients with childhood abuse-related PTSD during prolonged exposure therapy.…”