Changes in total plasma content of electrolytes and proteins with maximal exercise.

Beaumont, William; Strand, James; Petrofsky, Jerrold S.; Hipskind, S G; Greenleaf, J. E.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1973.34.1.102

Cited by 186 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…The reason for the increase in electrolyte composition during recovery is unknown but may be a reflection of changes in concentration of plasma electrolytes. During exercise compartmental fluid shifts occur in response to production of osmotically active products of metabolism (Van Beaumont et al 1973). Plasma Na+ are significantly elevated in response to exercise (Snow et al 1982Judson et al 1983), which may have contributed to the increase in sweat "a+] which occurred following exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of two types of training on sweat composition

McCONAGHY

Hodgson

Evans³

et al. 1995

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryThe principal aim of this study was to examine whether alterations in sweat composition occurred during training. Ten Thoroughbred horses were trained 6 days per week for 9 weeks on a treadmill (+lo% slope), 5 at moderate intensity, (80-100% JQ,,,) and 5 at low intensity, (4045% vQmax). On Day 1 of itraining and at the end of weeks 1, 2, 5 and 9, the horses performed a standardised exercise test (SET). Sweat was collected onto an absorbent pad lined with plastic and held against the skin with rubber straps. Samples were obtained from the neck and girth areas during exercise and for 10 minutes post exercise. [urea] than that produced during exercise. Training does not substantially alter the composition of equine sweat in response to an intense SET.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of two types of training on sweat composition

McCONAGHY

Hodgson

Evans³

et al. 1995

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Oral D-xylose was accompanied by a 4% increase in hematocrit, indicating hemoconcentration, which persisted throughout the experiment and was not seen with the other loads. The corresponding fall in plasma volume can be approximated to 150 ml (17). Thus a plasma volume contraction after osmotically induced water loss to the bowel may have contributed to the increase of MSA after D-xylose ingestion by unloading plasma volume receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hematocrit was monitored in all experiments since it represents an approximate measure of variations in plasma volume in situations when the erythrocyte mass can be considered constant (17).…”

Section: Hematocritmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic response to oral carbohydrate administration. Evidence from microelectrode nerve recordings.

Berne¹,

Fagius²,

Niklasson³

1989

J. Clin. Invest.

183

113

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Microneurography was used to measure sympathetic outflow in human muscle nerves (MSA) for up to 90 min after the ingestion of 100 g D-glucose, 75.8 g D-xylose, intravenous Dglucose (0.35 g/kg), and 300 ml water. 19 healthy subjects were examined using a microelectrode positioned in the right peroneal nerve. MSA increased from 21±0.9 bursts/min at rest to 36.9±4.3 bursts/min 30 min after ingestion of D-glucose and from 18.9±2.9 to 26.3±3.4 bursts/min 30 min after D-xylose. The increase in MSA was already significant by 15 min. MSA had not returned to the basal level after 90 min. Neither intravenous D-glucose nor water intake enhanced MSA. MSA increased in parallel with plasma norepinephrine, and a significant correlation (r = 0.55; P < 0.001) was observed between the plasma insulin concentration and MSA after D-glucose ingestion. In three subjects the outflow of sympathetic nerve activity to the skin was examined after oral D-glucose and no change was observed, emphasizing the differentiated nature of the sympathetic nerve response to carbohydrate. Multiple factors such as insulin alone, hemodynamic adjustment to splanchnic vasodilation, and gastrointestinal distension are probably involved in the increased muscle nerve sympathetic outflow after carbohydrate ingestion.

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“…E) AQUAPORIN AND WATER PERMEABILITY. The exchange of ions and metabolic relevant molecules through the sarcolemma is accompanied by exchange of water, and this allows a redistribution of water and ions between intraand extracellular compartments particularly during repeated contractile activity (435,813). During contraction, water moves from the plasma into the interstitial and intracellular compartments of muscle fibers.…”

Section: Trans-sarcolemmal Substrate Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Types in Mammalian Skeletal Muscles

Schiaffino

Reggiani

2011

Physiological Reviews

2,246

2,465

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Mammalian skeletal muscle comprises different fiber types, whose identity is first established during embryonic development by intrinsic myogenic control mechanisms and is later modulated by neural and hormonal factors. The relative proportion of the different fiber types varies strikingly between species, and in humans shows significant variability between individuals. Myosin heavy chain isoforms, whose complete inventory and expression pattern are now available, provide a useful marker for fiber types, both for the four major forms present in trunk and limb muscles and the minor forms present in head and neck muscles. However, muscle fiber diversity involves all functional muscle cell compartments, including membrane excitation, excitation-contraction coupling, contractile machinery, cytoskeleton scaffold, and energy supply systems. Variations within each compartment are limited by the need of matching fiber type properties between different compartments. Nerve activity is a major control mechanism of the fiber type profile, and multiple signaling pathways are implicated in activity-dependent changes of muscle fibers. The characterization of these pathways is raising increasing interest in clinical medicine, given the potentially beneficial effects of muscle fiber type switching in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

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Changes in total plasma content of electrolytes and proteins with maximal exercise.

Cited by 186 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of two types of training on sweat composition

Effect of two types of training on sweat composition

Sympathetic response to oral carbohydrate administration. Evidence from microelectrode nerve recordings.

Fiber Types in Mammalian Skeletal Muscles

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