Abstract:This study describes the ultrastructural differences between the compound eyes of ch li/ch li and Ch/ch li honeybee queens. Heterozygous "limão" bees had an almost normal ultrastructural organization of the ommatidia, but there were some alterations, including small vacuoles in the crystalline cones and a loss of pigment by primary pigmentary cells. In homozygous bees many ommatidia had very deformed crystalline cones and there were some bipartite rhabdoma. There was a reduction in the amount of pigment in the… Show more
“…In the basal part of the eye, the axons of retinula cells of each ommatidium exit the eye through the holes in the basement membrane (Fig 2B and 2C). The cytoplasm of retinula cells is rich in mitochondria, swollen cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum [50], free ribosomes, multivesicular bodies, lamellar bodies, vesicles with an electron-lucent content (Fig 3A–3E) and light vacuoles (Fig 2D–2F). Clusters of mitochondria accumulate in the vicinity of rhabdom membranes (Fig 3A, 3D and 3E).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the genes regulating eye development and structure are well known, there is no information on the relationship between these genes, the eye colour and the process of pigment granules formation. Changes were described in other holometabolous insects [23,50]. So far, there are only two reports describing spontaneous eye colour mutation in the holometabolous insect (in the honey bee Apis melifera ), which affects the structure of the ommatidia; the limao mutant (yellow eyes) [50] Chartreuse red (reddish-brown eyes) mutant, and laranja (orange eyes) mutant [57].…”
Two eye-colour mutant strains, white (W) and yellow (Y) of house cricket
Acheta domesticus
were established in our laboratory. We phenotyped and genotyped the mutants, performed genetic crossings and studied the eye structure and pigment composition using light and electron microscopy and biochemical analysis. We show that W and Y phenotypes are controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele, as both traits are metabolically independent. The analysis of the mutants`eye structure showed a reduced number of dark pigment granules while simultaneously, and an increased amount of light vacuoles in white eye mutants was observed. Significant differences in eye pigment composition between strains were also found. The Y mutant had a lower number of ommochromes, while the W mutant had a lower number of ommochromes and pteridines. This indicates that mutated genes are involved in two different, independent metabolic pathways regulating tryptophan metabolism enzymes, pigment transporter granules or pigment granule formation.
“…In the basal part of the eye, the axons of retinula cells of each ommatidium exit the eye through the holes in the basement membrane (Fig 2B and 2C). The cytoplasm of retinula cells is rich in mitochondria, swollen cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum [50], free ribosomes, multivesicular bodies, lamellar bodies, vesicles with an electron-lucent content (Fig 3A–3E) and light vacuoles (Fig 2D–2F). Clusters of mitochondria accumulate in the vicinity of rhabdom membranes (Fig 3A, 3D and 3E).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the genes regulating eye development and structure are well known, there is no information on the relationship between these genes, the eye colour and the process of pigment granules formation. Changes were described in other holometabolous insects [23,50]. So far, there are only two reports describing spontaneous eye colour mutation in the holometabolous insect (in the honey bee Apis melifera ), which affects the structure of the ommatidia; the limao mutant (yellow eyes) [50] Chartreuse red (reddish-brown eyes) mutant, and laranja (orange eyes) mutant [57].…”
Two eye-colour mutant strains, white (W) and yellow (Y) of house cricket
Acheta domesticus
were established in our laboratory. We phenotyped and genotyped the mutants, performed genetic crossings and studied the eye structure and pigment composition using light and electron microscopy and biochemical analysis. We show that W and Y phenotypes are controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele, as both traits are metabolically independent. The analysis of the mutants`eye structure showed a reduced number of dark pigment granules while simultaneously, and an increased amount of light vacuoles in white eye mutants was observed. Significant differences in eye pigment composition between strains were also found. The Y mutant had a lower number of ommochromes, while the W mutant had a lower number of ommochromes and pteridines. This indicates that mutated genes are involved in two different, independent metabolic pathways regulating tryptophan metabolism enzymes, pigment transporter granules or pigment granule formation.
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