Changes in the OXPHOS system in leaf and root mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to long-term sulphur deficiency

Ostaszewska-Bugajska, Monika; Juszczuk, Izabela M.

doi:10.1007/s11738-016-2155-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Rates of external NADH oxidation in chickpea leaf mitochondria were substantially higher (2-4 times) than those reported for A. thaliana leaf mitochondria, which under control conditions have very little AOX activity [13,20,22,48]. Rates were similar to those of soybean, tobacco and potato leaf mitochondria, all which have substantial AOX activity [5,49,50].…”

Section: Nad(p)h Oxidation By Isolated Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 57%

Identification of Alternative Mitochondrial Electron Transport Pathway Components in Chickpea Indicates a Differential Response to Salinity Stress between Cultivars

Sweetman

Miller

Booth

et al. 2020

IJMS

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All plants contain an alternative electron transport pathway (AP) in their mitochondria, consisting of the alternative oxidase (AOX) and type 2 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (ND) families, that are thought to play a role in controlling oxidative stress responses at the cellular level. These alternative electron transport components have been extensively studied in plants like Arabidopsis and stress inducible isoforms identified, but we know very little about them in the important crop plant chickpea. Here we identify AP components in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and explore their response to stress at the transcript level. Based on sequence similarity with the functionally characterized proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana, five putative internal (matrix)-facing NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (CaNDA1-4 and CaNDC1) and four putative external (inter-membrane space)-facing NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (CaNDB1-4) were identified in chickpea. The corresponding activities were demonstrated for the first time in purified mitochondria of chickpea leaves and roots. Oxidation of matrix NADH generated from malate or glycine in the presence of the Complex I inhibitor rotenone was high compared to other plant species, as was oxidation of exogenous NAD(P)H. In leaf mitochondria, external NADH oxidation was stimulated by exogenous calcium and external NADPH oxidation was essentially calcium dependent. However, in roots these activities were low and largely calcium independent. A salinity experiment with six chickpea cultivars was used to identify salt-responsive alternative oxidase and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase gene transcripts in leaves from a three-point time series. An analysis of the Na:K ratio and Na content separated these cultivars into high and low Na accumulators. In the high Na accumulators, there was a significant up-regulation of CaAOX1, CaNDB2, CaNDB4, CaNDA3 and CaNDC1 in leaf tissue under long term stress, suggesting the formation of a stress-modified form of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) in leaves of these cultivars. In particular, stress-induced expression of the CaNDB2 gene showed a striking positive correlation with that of CaAOX1 across all genotypes and time points. The coordinated salinity-induced up-regulation of CaAOX1 and CaNDB2 suggests that the mitochondrial alternative pathway of respiration is an important facet of the stress response in chickpea, in high Na accumulators in particular, despite high capacities for both of these activities in leaf mitochondria of non-stressed chickpeas.

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Section: Nad(p)h Oxidation By Isolated Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 57%

Identification of Alternative Mitochondrial Electron Transport Pathway Components in Chickpea Indicates a Differential Response to Salinity Stress between Cultivars

Sweetman

Miller

Booth

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Because AOX can be activated during both abiotic and biotic stress-it is active independently of the stress but its involvement in O 2 uptake may increase during the stress-it is referred to as a survival protein that promotes cellular redox homeostasis [39]. AOX isogenes are encoded by the nuclear genome, and the protein itself is associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane; therefore, its expression depends on the activity of RET and undergoes mitochondrial feedback regulation [40] (Figure 3). During long-term seed storage, mitochondrial structure is damaged in seeds due to increased ROS levels, oxidative damage to membranes, loss of enzyme activities and reduced activity of the antioxidant system [41].…”

Section: The Role Of Mitochondria In Cell Redox Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin-IIF (PRXIIF) Activity and Function during Seed Aging

et al. 2022

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Mitochondria play a major role in energy metabolism, particularly in cell respiration, cellular metabolism, and signal transduction, and are also involved in other processes, such as cell signaling, cell cycle control, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Programmed cell death is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a concomitant decrease in antioxidant capacity, which, in turn, determines the aging of living organisms and organs and thus also seeds. During the aging process, cell redox homeostasis is disrupted, and these changes decrease the viability of stored seeds. Mitochondrial peroxiredoxin-IIF (PRXIIF), a thiol peroxidase, has a significant role in protecting the cell and sensing oxidative stress that occurs during the disturbance of redox homeostasis. Thioredoxins (TRXs), which function as redox transmitters and switch protein function in mitochondria, can regulate respiratory metabolism. TRXs serve as electron donors to PRXIIF, as shown in Arabidopsis. In contrast, sulfiredoxin (SRX) can regenerate mitochondrial PRXIIF once hyperoxidized to sulfinic acid. To protect against oxidative stress, another type of thiol peroxidases, glutathione peroxidase-like protein (GPXL), is important and receives electrons from the TRX system. They remove peroxides produced in the mitochondrial matrix. However, the TRX/PRX and TRX/GPXL systems are not well understood in mitochondria. Knowledge of both systems is important because these systems play an important role in stress sensing, response and acclimation, including redox imbalance and generation of ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The TRX/PRX and TRX/GPXL systems are important for maintaining cellular ROS homeostasis and maintaining redox homeostasis under stress conditions. This minireview focuses on the functions of PRXIIF discovered in plant cells approximately 20 years ago and addresses the question of how PRXIIF affects seed viability maintenance and aging. Increasing evidence suggests that the mitochondrial PRXIIF plays a major role in metabolic processes in seeds, which was not previously known.

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The uncoupling of respiration in plant mitochondria: keeping reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under control

Popov

Syromyatnikov

Fernie

et al. 2020

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Plant mitochondrial respiration involves operation of various alternate pathways. These pathways participate, both directly and indirectly, in the maintenance of mitochondrial functions though they do not contribute to energy production being uncoupled from the generation of an electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane and thus from ATP production. Recent findings suggest that uncoupled respiration is involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, regulation and homeostasis. Here we discuss specific roles and possible functions of the uncoupled mitochondrial respiration in ROS and NO metabolism. The mechanisms of expression and regulation of the NDA, NDB and NDC type non-coupled NADH and NADPH dehydrogenases, the alternative oxidase (AOX), and the uncoupling protein (UCP) are examined in relation to their involvement in the establishment of the stable far-from-equilibrium state of plant metabolism. The role of uncoupled respiration in controlling the levels of ROS and NO as well as inducing signaling events is considered. Secondary functions of uncoupled respiration include its role in protection from stress factors and roles in biosynthesis and catabolism. It is concluded that uncoupled mitochondrial respiration plays an important role in providing rapid adaptation of plants to changing environmental factors via regulation of ROS and NO.

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Changes in the OXPHOS system in leaf and root mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to long-term sulphur deficiency

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Identification of Alternative Mitochondrial Electron Transport Pathway Components in Chickpea Indicates a Differential Response to Salinity Stress between Cultivars

Identification of Alternative Mitochondrial Electron Transport Pathway Components in Chickpea Indicates a Differential Response to Salinity Stress between Cultivars

Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxin-IIF (PRXIIF) Activity and Function during Seed Aging

The uncoupling of respiration in plant mitochondria: keeping reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under control

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